Xenografted Small Cell Undifferentiated Cancer of Prostate: Possible Common Origin With Prostatic Adenocarcinoma

Haaften-Day, Caroline van; Raghaven, D.; Russell, Pamela J.; Wills, E. J.; Gregory, Patricia; Tilley, Wayne D.; Horsfall, Debbie

doi:10.1016/s0022-5347(17)42815-1

Cited by 10 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…In addition, we showed that the pure neuroendocrine small cell prostatic carcinoma lacked detectable AR. The latter is in accordance with the reported absence of AR in a xenografted small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma line originating from a human prostatic carcinoma (Van Haaften-Day et al 1987).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Do neuroendocrine cells in human prostate cancer express androgen receptor?

et al. 1993

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Abstract. The presence of androgen receptors (AR) in neuroendocrine cells was investigated in benign tissue of 10 prostatectomy specimens, in 12 prostatic adenocarcinomas with focal neuroendocrine differentiation and in 1 case of a pure neuroendocrine small cell carcinoma of the prostate. Neuroendocrine cells were defined by their reactivity with an antibody to chromogranin A. Monoclonal antibody F39.4 directed against the amino-terminal domain of the AR molecule was used to detect AR. AR and chromogranin A were simultaneously visualized with a double immunofluorescence technique. The results indicate that chromogranin positive cells in both benign and malignant prostatic tissue lack detectable expression of AR. No effect of endocrine therapy was noted. These results are in agreement with the hypothesis that prostatic neuroendocrine tumour cells represent an androgen insensitive cell population, which incidentally may expand to replace the androgen-sensitive tumour cell population during androgen ablation therapy.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Do neuroendocrine cells in human prostate cancer express androgen receptor?

et al. 1993

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“…For example, the patient tumor from which the UCRU-PR2 heterotransplant was derived had a distribution among the three cell cycle phases of 81.6%, 11.4% and 6.9% for the G0/G1-phase, S-phase and G2/M-phase, respectively. The third passage of the UCRU-PR2 also had its cell cycle analyzed and the heterotransplant was nearly identical in cell cycle frequency to the original tumor with a distribution of 83.7%, 10.1% and 6.0% in the G0/G1-phase, S-phase and G2/M-phase, respectively [12]. Similar results were found in a separate study of the same heterotransplant for the second and fourth heterotransplanted passages.…”

Section: Karyotype Dna Content and Cell Cycle Frequencysupporting

confidence: 74%

“…The heterotransplanted tumor, UCRU-PR2, obtained by van Haaften-Day et al [12] had a diploid DNA content similar to the original carcinoma tumor. npg However, starting with the seventh passage, 50% of the heterotransplants developed an aneuploid population in addition to the original diploid population [17].…”

Section: Karyotype Dna Content and Cell Cycle Frequencymentioning

confidence: 84%

“…The original heterotransplantation of a patient's SCNCP tumor has been shown to be histologically similar to the original surgical specimen collected independent of the strain of mice used (that is, athymic balb/c nude or CB17 non-obese diabetic-severely combined immunodepressed (scid) mice, the use of Matrigel (Becton-Dickinson, Franklin Lakes, NJ, USA), or testosterone (T) supplementation [12][13][14][15]. Matrigel is an extracellular matrix gel composed of type IV procollagen, laminin and heparan sulfate proteoglycan obtained from the Engelbreth-HolmSchwarm mouse sarcoma first described by Kleinman et al [16].…”

Section: Cytological and Histological Analysismentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The original report described a heterotransplant that did not become anaplastic and the basic pathology remained unchanged after serial transplantation [11]. The second study by van Haaften-Day et al [12], involved the heterotransplantation of the tumor, UCRU-PR2, derived from a poorly differentiated carcinoma. The undifferentiated SCNCP retained the characteristics of the patient's original tumor as a neuroendocrine carcinoma that presented occasional small neurosecretory granules.…”

Section: Cytological and Histological Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Small-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the prostate: are heterotransplants a better experimental model?

López-Barcons¹

2009

Asian J Androl

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Small-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the prostate (SCNCP) is an uncommon type of prostate cancer. However, it is of clinical importance because it is one of the most aggressive tumors of the prostate with a very poor prognosis. There exist few artificially cultured tumor cell lines to study SCNCP. Then, another approach to that study consists in the use of fresh tumor tissue obtained from patients and its heterotransplantation into host mice. The purpose of this review is to integrate data from more than 20 years of heterotransplantation research in the study of small-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the prostate (SCNCP). Heterotransplantation has provided data regarding the histopathology, karyotype, DNA content, cell cycle frequency, tumor markers, androgen receptor expression, metastasis and take rate of this prostate disease. When possible, comparisons between original in situ specimens removed from patients and heterotransplanted tissue from host mice have been made. There are advantages, as well as limitations, that have been identified for SCNCP heterotransplants versus xenotransplantation of cultured cells. Overall, heterotransplanted tumors are better than conventional tumor xenografts at retaining tumor morphology, pathology, secretory activity and expression of tumor markers of the patient's original specimen. Furthermore, heterotransplanted tissue preserves the three-dimensional tumor architecture of the prostate to maintain critical stromal-epithelial cell interactions.

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