2011
DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2011.09.005
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Xenobiotic removal efficiencies in wastewater treatment plants: Residence time distributions as a guiding principle for sampling strategies

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Cited by 52 publications
(28 citation statements)
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“…In fact, it is true that the assumption of steady state loading from the WWTPs may be inaccurate given the temporal variability in effluent pharmaceutical loads (Majewsky et al 2011;Nelson et al 2011) and the time encompassed by the measurements (i.e. reach travel times).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…In fact, it is true that the assumption of steady state loading from the WWTPs may be inaccurate given the temporal variability in effluent pharmaceutical loads (Majewsky et al 2011;Nelson et al 2011) and the time encompassed by the measurements (i.e. reach travel times).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…reach travel times). In fact, variations in pollutant loads in the influent of the WWTPs are dampened in the effluent, since daily influent loads are distributed over more than one day in the effluent because of the particular WWTP hydrodynamics (Majewsky et al 2011). Still, the reported variability of some compounds in the WWTP effluents (Nelson et al 2011) was most likely reflected in the deviations from the ideal first-order decay of pharmaceuticals along the river segments ( Figure 2).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Similarly to Ternes (1998) who suggested that glucuronide conjugates formed during metabolism of drugs may be cleaved as these metabolites pass through WWTPs, thereby increasing the concentration of the parent compound in the treated wastewater, negative removals might be explained by the transformation of conjugated metabolites during biological treatment. These observations might also have been be due to mixing regime characteristics, as well as flow and concentration variability that may have led to negative elimination efficiencies, as demonstrated by Majewsky et al (2011). In any event, Ort et al (2010) pointed out the need for more sophisticated sampling strategies to accurately determine removals of drugs in wastewater treatment plants.…”
Section: Removal Of Drugs By Wastewater Treatmentmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This often results in variable removal rates as illustrated by the comparison of full-scale SMX monitoring studies in Table 1. In order to avoid biased estimates and negative elimination efficiencies, the use of a sampling strategy that takes into consideration the hydraulic residence time distribution of WWTPs has been proposed (Majewsky et al 2011a). While the differences in the microbial communities of AS systems can lead to variable SMX removals, the active fraction of AS has also been shown to impact the biodegradation of SMX in full-scale systems and should be considered in future studies (Majewsky et al 2011b).…”
Section: Removal In Full-scale Wwtps Based On Asmentioning
confidence: 99%