Xanthomonas Wilt: A Threat to Banana Production in East and Central Africa

Tripathi, Leena; Mwangi, M.; Abele, Steffen; Aritua, V.; Tushemereirwe, Wilberforce; Bandyopadhyay, Ranajit

doi:10.1094/pdis-93-5-0440

Cited by 158 publications

(156 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Further outbreak and establishment were also confirmed on banana in eastern Congo, in the Lake Victoria region of Tanzania, Rwanda and Kenya (Aritua et al, 2008;Biruma et al, 2007 andNdungo et al, 2006). Banana production losses caused by this pathogen threaten the food security of about 100 million people and the income of millions of farmers in the Great Lakes region of Central and Eastern Africa, who depend on banana fruit for food and export trade (Tripathi et al, 2009) and also threatens food security of over 15 million of Ethiopians" who utilize Enset as a staple or co-staple food (Brandt et al, 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Evaluation of banana genotype resistant to Xanthomonas wilts disease (Xanthomonas campestris pv. musacearum) in south east of Ethiopia

Kebede¹,

Gemmeda²

2017

Afr. J. Microbiol. Res.

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Xanthomonas wilt caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv.musacearum (Xcm) is one of the most important constraints to banana production. The use of resistant banana varieties would be a long-term and cost-effective solution to control any pathogen. Therefore, identifying this pathogen resistant banana genotype is one of the basic requirements for effective management. The current study was therefore initiated to evaluate banana genotypes for resistance to banana Xanthomonas wilt. The experiment was conducted at Arsi University greenhouse from 2014 to 2015 GC. Banana and enset disease were collected and bacterial isolates were isolated and characterized based on different characterization tests. Twelve (12) banana genotypes were inoculated with three Xcm isolates (I 1, I 2 and I 3 ) in a factorial experiment arranged in CRD with six replications. Disease assessment data was conducted and analyzed. Bacterial isolates were isolated and the identity of the isolated strains was confirmed as Xcm. The analysis of variance for incubation period, wilting incidence and disease severity revealed significant variations (p<0.05) among banana genotype and isolates. The results revealed that "Cadaba" genotype was found to have the lowest wilt incidence of 16.67%, severity index 15.07% and longest incubation period 5.28 and 9.33 weeks for initial and complete wilting respectively, moderately resistant to the pathogen and producers preferred for multiplication. Butuza, Grandy nani, Robusta and Willams genotype were determined as moderately susceptible having wilting incidence of 21-30%. However, "Nijuru Genotype" showed the highest wilting incidence of 66.67%, severity index 38.78% followed by "Matooke that could be used as highly susceptible checks in future screening trail. Results also revealed that among Xcm isolates, isolate-I 2 is the most aggressive, while isolate I 1 is the least aggressive. As the current work revealed, the potential variation among banana genotype reaction to Xcm infection, genotype that showed moderately susceptible reaction should be further evaluated against Xcm.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Evaluation of banana genotype resistant to Xanthomonas wilts disease (Xanthomonas campestris pv. musacearum) in south east of Ethiopia

Kebede¹,

Gemmeda²

2017

Afr. J. Microbiol. Res.

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“…Some other cases are less successful (Tripathi et al 2009). In East Africa the banana crop may be seriously affected by banana xanthomonas wilt (BXW) caused by the bacterium Xanthomonas campestris pv.…”

Section: Examples Of Gm-based Disease Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic modification for disease resistance: a position paper

Scott¹,

Thomson²,

Grzywacz³

et al. 2016

Food Sec.

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“…The economic impact of bacterial wilt is due to death of the mother plant that would otherwise contribute to the continuation of enset production cycles. Fields infested with Xcm cannot be replanted for at least 6 months due to carryover of soil borne inoculum (Tripathi et al, 2009). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The spread of the disease is prevented by cultural disease management practices such as burying infected plants, restricting movement of infected plant materials and sterilizing farming tools (Biruma et al, 2007;Mwangi et al, 2007;Gizachew Wolde-Michael et al, 2008;Tripathi et al, 2009;Temesgen Addis et al, 2010). However, these methods are not effective as farmers are inconsistent and reluctant to employ labor-intensive disease control measures (Tripathi et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%