Xanthoma of Ulna

Abstract

Skeletal xanthomas are extremely rare benign disorders with features mimicking bone tumours and their definitive diagnosis is very difficult. Patients diagnosed with primary xanthoma should be followed up regularly as they may develop dyslipidemia later. Xanthomatous degeneration occurring in other bony lesions should be differentiated with xanthomas by studying the whole specimen microscopically. A 45 year old lady presented to us with xanthoma of ulna who was a known diabetic and hypothyroid on treatment. Ours is the second case of ulnar xanthoma reported so far in the literature.

Primary Bone Xanthoma: A Case Report

“…These are usually small lesions ranging in size between 2-5 cm. [5,9] Histologically, it is characterized by mononuclear macrophage-like cells, abundant foam cells, and multinucleated giant cells. It is sometimes discovered coincidentally and the most frequent symptom is pain.…”

“…Biopsy obtained from the lesion is grossly solid, granular, and dull yellow and sometimes a solitary cystic lesion. [4,5] Histologically, it presents as sheets of foamy macrophages, occasional multinucleated giant cells, cholesterol clefts and fibrosis. [19] Immunohistochemstry may be used as an axillary tool to confirm presence of CD68-positive sheets of foamy cells and to rule out other benign spindle cell tumors, Rosai-Dorfman disease , Langerhans cell histiocytosis, malignant fibrous histiocytoma,and conventional renal cell carcinoma which can be a differential diagnosis.…”

“…Intra-lesional curettage removes all gross disease and usually is sufficient for local control. [1,[5][6]…”

“…[1][2][3][4] A few cases have been reported in non-hyperlipidemic states termed as primary bone xanthoma. [3][4][5] Various bone lesions can present with xanthomatous appearance histologically, e.g., fibrous dysplasia, giant cell tumor, simple bone cyst, fibroma, chondroblastoma, fibrous histiocytoma, histiocytosis X and chronic osteomyelitis, [1][2]6] which makes it necessary to rule out these disorders before giving a diagnosis of bone xanthoma.…”

Primary Xanthoma of Femur: A Case Report

“…Xanthoma derived from the Greek "Xanthos" meaning yellow 1 . Xanthomas are benign lesions which may originate from abnormal deposition of cholesterol and lipid into tissues leading to inflammatory cell infiltration.…”