Abstract:Introduction: Hypophysitis is a rare, inflammatory disorder of the pituitary that mimics neoplastic lesions resulting in anterior and posterior pituitary dysfunction.
Presentation of case:We present a 36-year-old woman who presented with chronic headaches and was found to have a pituitary mass on MRI, suggested of craniopharyngioma, and the histological inspection showed a piloide gliosis, one year ago. She continuing with visual disturbance and recurrence was suspected and she was operated to craniopharyngiom… Show more
“…These imaging features may help distinguish craniopharyngiomas from hypophysitis. It should be noted, however, that craniopharyngiomas, seemingly almost always the adamantinomatous type, may cause secondary hypophysitis [ 50 , 51 ]. Fig.…”
Hypophysitis is an inflammatory disease affecting the pituitary gland. Hypophysitis can be classified into multiple types depending on the mechanisms (primary or secondary), histology (lymphocytic, granulomatous, xanthomatous, plasmacytic/IgG4 related, necrotizing, or mixed), and anatomy (adenohypophysitis, infundibulo-neurohypophysitis, or panhypophysitis). An appropriate diagnosis is vital for managing these potentially life-threatening conditions. However, physiological morphological alterations, remnants, and neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions may masquerade as hypophysitis, both clinically and radiologically. Neuroimaging, as well as imaging findings of other sites of the body, plays a pivotal role in diagnosis. In this article, we will review the types of hypophysitis and summarize clinical and imaging features of both hypophysitis and its mimickers.
“…These imaging features may help distinguish craniopharyngiomas from hypophysitis. It should be noted, however, that craniopharyngiomas, seemingly almost always the adamantinomatous type, may cause secondary hypophysitis [ 50 , 51 ]. Fig.…”
Hypophysitis is an inflammatory disease affecting the pituitary gland. Hypophysitis can be classified into multiple types depending on the mechanisms (primary or secondary), histology (lymphocytic, granulomatous, xanthomatous, plasmacytic/IgG4 related, necrotizing, or mixed), and anatomy (adenohypophysitis, infundibulo-neurohypophysitis, or panhypophysitis). An appropriate diagnosis is vital for managing these potentially life-threatening conditions. However, physiological morphological alterations, remnants, and neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions may masquerade as hypophysitis, both clinically and radiologically. Neuroimaging, as well as imaging findings of other sites of the body, plays a pivotal role in diagnosis. In this article, we will review the types of hypophysitis and summarize clinical and imaging features of both hypophysitis and its mimickers.
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