Xanthogranulomatous cystitis with malacoplakia, leading to spontaneous intraperitoneal perforation of the urinary bladder in a 9-year-old girl

Sharma, Kuldeep; Singh, Vishwajeet; Gupta, Saurabh; Sankhwar, Satyanarayan

doi:10.1136/bcr-2015-210786

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Once exclusion criteria were applied to the abstracts, 352 studies remained for full‐text review. After again applying the exclusion criteria to the full texts, a total of 278 manuscripts remained and were included in the final review […”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spontaneous (idiopathic) rupture of the urinary bladder: a systematic review of case series and reports

et al. 2023

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Objectives To perform a systematic review of all cases of spontaneous rupture of the urinary bladder (SRUB) and to describe the demographic data, associated comorbidities, clinical presentation, diagnosis, relevant laboratory findings, associated factors, management, morbidity and mortality associated with the presentation of SRUB. Methods The study protocol was registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO). A search was carried out across the following electronic databases: PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. Full texts of selected studies were analysed, and data extracted. The review was reported in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA). Results A total of 278 articles comprising 240 case reports and 38 case series, with a total of 351 patients were included. The median (interquartile range [IQR]) age of all included patients was 47.5 (33–65) years. The median (IQR) time to presentation was 48 (24–96) h, with the major presenting symptom being abdominal pain (76%). In patients in whom the diagnosis was made prior to any intervention, the condition was misdiagnosed in 64% of cases. The diagnosis was confirmed during explorative open surgery in 42% of cases. Pelvic radiation (13%) and alcohol intoxication (11%) were the most common associated factors. Intraperitoneal rupture (89%) was much more common, with the dome of the bladder being most frequently involved (55%). The overall mortality was 15%. Conclusion This review identified a number of key factors that appear to be associated with an increased incidence of SRUB. It also emphasized the high rate of misdiagnosis and challenge in confirming the diagnosis. Overall, it highlighted the importance of the need for increased awareness and maintaining a high index of suspicion for this condition.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spontaneous (idiopathic) rupture of the urinary bladder: a systematic review of case series and reports

et al. 2023

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“…1 Recurrent bladder perforation has been observed in the neurogenic bladder, diabetes mellitus, alcoholism, pregnancy, and bladder outlet obstruction but has been never been reported in cases of xanthogranulomatous cystitis. 1 , 2 Spontaneous bladder perforation presents a diagnostic challenge and diagnosis is often made at exploration. 1 Sudden onset of abdominal distension, ileus, and oliguria should prompt the suspicion of bladder perforation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Xanthogranulomatous cystitis with malakoplakia leading to recurrent spontaneous bladder perforation in a young girl

Singh

2022

Urology Case Reports

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Recurrent bladder perforation due to xanthogranulomatous cystitis with malakoplakia is rare entity and can lead to spontaneous bladder perforation. A 15 years girl presented with sudden pain abdomen with reduced urine output. Her exploratory laparotomy revealed, perforation of 2 cm at the dome of bladder with unhealthy margins. Excisional bladder biopsy and repair of bladder perforation by 3-0 polyglactin suture was done. The histopathology showed xanthogranulomatous cystitis with malakoplakia. Her records revealed the same histopathology in bladder perforation at age of 9 with lost follow-up till age of 15. Exploratory laparotomy and bladder repair should be done to save the patient.

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“…The diagnosis of the disease is mainly based on foamy eosinophilic tissue cells and basophilic M-G bodies. Differential diagnosis includes other granulomas[ 14 ], tuberculosis nodules, and primary and metastatic malignant tumors, although there were no basophilic M-G corpuscles seen in these diseases under the microscope.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bladder malacoplakia: A case report

Wang¹,

Hang²,

Wang³

et al. 2022

WJCC

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BACKGROUND Bladder malacoplakia is a rare chronic granulomatous disease. The most common site of the malacoplakia is the urinary system. The etiology of bladder malacoplakia is complex, with its clinical misdiagnosis rate is high. Therefore, exposure to more clinical cases is necessary to improve the diagnosis and treatment of this condition. CASE SUMMARY A 65-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital because of dysuria. She presented with dysuria, frequent urination, urgency, pain, and absence of hematuria and pyuria. After the examination, bladder tumor electrocision was performed under combined intravenous and inhalation anesthesia on September 6, 2021. During the operation, electrotomy and electrocoagulation were performed. The operation was then followed by anti-infection treatment, and the patient recovered well. The postoperative pathology was diagnosed as bladder malacoplakia by light and electron microscopic analyses. On a follow-up after 4 mo, no significant difference between electrotomy and electrocoagulation was found, with both achieving a curative effect. CONCLUSION Diagnosing bladder malacoplakia depends on histopathological examination. Antibiotic treatment with bladder tumor resection or electrocoagulation provides better therapeutic effect.

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Xanthogranulomatous cystitis with malacoplakia, leading to spontaneous intraperitoneal perforation of the urinary bladder in a 9-year-old girl

Cited by 4 publications

References 13 publications

Spontaneous (idiopathic) rupture of the urinary bladder: a systematic review of case series and reports

Spontaneous (idiopathic) rupture of the urinary bladder: a systematic review of case series and reports

Xanthogranulomatous cystitis with malakoplakia leading to recurrent spontaneous bladder perforation in a young girl

Bladder malacoplakia: A case report

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