Xanthene-based near-infrared chromophores for high-contrast fluorescence and photoacoustic imaging of dipeptidyl peptidase 4

Abstract

Near-Infrared (NIR) chromophores with analyte tunable emission and absorption properties are highly desirable for developing activatable fluorescence and photoaccoustic (PA) probes for bioimaging and disease diagnosis. Here we engineer a...

Fabrication of a Near-Infrared-Emissive Probe for Detecting Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 in the Liver of Diabetic Mice and Clinical Serum

“…By virtue of NIR emission and stable optical and chemical properties, cyano isophorone fluorophore was selected as the probe skeleton and signal reporter (Scheme ). − Subsequently, a dipeptide glycylprolyl (Gly-Pro, consisting of proline and alanine), a known DPP4 responsive unit, − was modified on the amino group of dye skeleton to receive probe NEDP . The intrinsically nonfluorescent probe NEDP can be sensitively catalyzed and degraded by DPP4 to release the strongly fluorescent dye NEDD in vitro and in vivo , which brought a remarkable turn-on NIR fluorescence emission (673 nm).…”

“…To further explore the gamut of NEDP in vivo , the ability of NEDP to image the diabetes mice models was evaluated. Streptozocin (STZ) was used to induce diabetes. , Before that, H and E staining was carried out in normal mice, and the results suggested the desirable biocompatibility of NEDP (Figure S6). The diabetes model was established successfully when the blood glucose of the diabetes mice was significantly higher than 16.7 mmol/L.…”

“…With the development of fluorescence imaging technology, it has become one of the commonly used techniques in biological research, due to its inherent advantages including excellent selectivity and sensitivity, easy management, nondestructiveness, and high spatial resolution. − Among optical probes, especially near-infrared (NIR)-emissive probes received increased attention lately because of the deeper tissue penetration depth and the lower background interference. − Recently, some fluorescent probes to detect and monitor DPP4 in biological processes have been witnessed (Table S1). − However, few of them studied DPP4 fluctuation in liver and clinical serum during diabetes. Herein, a NIR-emissive fluorescent DPP4 probe ( NEDP ) was developed for specific detection and imaging of DPP4 in a biological process.…”

Xanthene‐Based Dyes for Photoacoustic Imaging and their Use as Analyte‐Responsive Probes

“…PAI is an emerging field, and we are confident that ongoing advancements will enable minimally invasive monitoring of disease, capitalizing on the deep-tissue penetration capabilities offered by PAI. Coupling ABS approaches with new dye scaffolds, [110][111][112][113] more sensitive instrumentation, and better image processing and unmixing will allow for more accurate determination of disease-relevant analytes and enzymatic activities, providing increased insight into the individualized biochemistry of diseased tissue. Chemists can contribute to this goal through the development of new and improved ABS approaches to enhance and expand the repertoire of detectable analytes and enzyme activities.…”