Xanthate degradation occurring in flotation process waters of a gold concentrator plant

Kemppinen, Jussi; Aaltonen, A.; Sihvonen, Tuomas; Leppinen, Jaakko; Sirén, Heli M. M.

doi:10.1016/j.mineng.2015.05.014

Cited by 20 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…After that, the excess acid was retitrated with 0.1 M NaOH solution to the endpoint (to a yellow color) with the methyl-rot indicator. The active substance (xanthate) content was calculated using Equation (1).…”

Section: Laboratory Procedures For Determining the Active Substance Comentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Collectors are generally active toward whole mineral classes, e.g., sulfide minerals, rather than toward a specific mineral. The limited resources of today's mining industry increase the need for the development of more efficient collectors, while also reducing environmental risks [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. Since the beginning of the 20th century, xanthates (O-alkyl dithiocarbonates) have been widely used as reagents for the flotation concentration of a variety of sulfide and oxide minerals because of their capability to attach to hydrophobic agents [8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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New Eco-Friendly Xanthate-Based Flotation Agents

Milosavljević¹,

Marinković

Rančić

et al. 2020

Minerals

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An optimal laboratory two-step procedure was developed for sodium/potassium O-alkyl carbonodithioate (sodium/potassium alkyl xanthates) production in the form of aqueous solutions. Sodium isopropyl xanthate (Na-iPrX), as the most effective salt in a real ore flotation process, was also produced at an industrial level and introduced as a collector for copper ores. In order to reduce toxicity of the flotation process and improve sustainability by minimising environmental impacts, collector efficiency and selectivity in the flotation process were studied in relation to possible synergism of xanthates combined with the derived biomass and biodegradable green reagents levulinic acid, 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furanacrylic acid (HMFA), and condensation product of hydroxymethylfurfural and levulinic acid. Optimal content of 30% of HMFA in the collector pointed to the possibility of substitution of commercial xanthate collector without significantly affecting its efficiency/selectivity. The density functional theory (DFT) calculations provided insights into the interaction mechanism of Na-iPrX and HMFA with cooper. The benefits of the presented method highlight production simplicity, mild reaction conditions, high purity and yield of products, no by-products, and technological applicability on an industrial scale.

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Section: Laboratory Procedures For Determining the Active Substance Comentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Eco-Friendly Xanthate-Based Flotation Agents

Milosavljević¹,

Marinković

Rančić

et al. 2020

Minerals

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“…To reduce water consumption in mineral processing, the flotation effluents should be circulated into flotation circuits. However, in most cases, residual flotation reagents and their byproducts have negative effects on mineral flotation because these compounds can randomly alter the chemistry of flotation system [5,6]. Therefore, it is necessary to remove residual reagents from flotation effluents to improve water quality of flotation feeding water.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Degradation of Thiol Collectors Using Ozone at a Low Dosage: Kinetics, Mineralization, Ozone Utilization, and Changes of Biodegradability and Water Quality Parameters

Lin

et al. 2018

Minerals

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Ozonation at a high O3 dosage can achieve high efficiencies in removing flotation reagents but it has a low ozone-utilization rate. The ozonation of potentially toxic thiol collectors (potassium ethyl xanthate (EX), sodium diethyl dithiocarbamate (SN-9), O-isopropyl-N-ethyl thionocarbamate (Z-200) and dianilino dithiophoshoric acid (DDA)) was investigated in an ozone-bubbled reactor at a low O3 dosage of 1.125 mg/(min·L). The degradation kinetics, mineralization, ozone utilization, changes of biodegradability, and water quality parameters were studied, and the degradation behaviors of four collectors were compared. Thiol collectors could be effectively degraded with a removal ratio of >90% and a mineralization ratio of 10‒27%, at a low O3 dosage. The ozonation of thiol collectors followed the pseudo first-order kinetics, and rate constants had the order of kSN-9 > kEX > kZ-200 > kDDA. The Z-200 and DDA were the refractory flotation reagents treated in the ozonation process. After ozonation, the biodegradability of EX, SN-9, and DDA solutions was remarkably raised, but the biodegradability of Z-200 only increased from 0.088 to 0.15, indicating that the Z-200 and its intermediates were biologically persistent organics. After ozonation, the solution pH decreased from 10.0 to 8.0‒9.0, and both the conductivity and oxidation-reduction potential increased. The ozone utilization ratio in decomposing thiol collectors was above 98.41%, revealing almost complete usage of input O3. The results revealed that thiol collectors could be effectively degraded by O3, even at a low dosage, but their degradation behaviors were quite different, due to intrinsic molecular properties.

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“…Kemppinen et al. developed a sensitive separation method for online monitoring of the degradation of collector chemicals in waters of a gold concentrator plant. It is based on pressure‐assisted FASI using a BGE containing 60 mM CAPS and 40 mM NaOH at pH 10.9 and UV detection at 214, 225, and 301 nm.…”

Section: Concentration Adjustment (Kohlrausch Stacking)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent progress of sample stacking in capillary electrophoresis (2014–2016)

et al. 2016

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The term "sample stacking" comprises a relatively broad spectrum of techniques that already form an almost inherent part of the methodology of CZE. Their principles are different but the effect is the same: concentration of a diluted analyte into a narrow zone and considerable increase of the method sensitivity. This review brings a survey of papers on electrophoretic sample stacking published approximately since the second quarter of 2014 till the first quarter of 2016. It is organized according to the principles of the stacking methods and includes chapters aimed at the concentration adjustment principle (Kohlrausch stacking), techniques based on pH changes, micellar methods, and other stacking techniques. Not reviewed are papers on transient ITP that are covered by another review in this issue.

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Xanthate degradation occurring in flotation process waters of a gold concentrator plant

Cited by 20 publications

References 16 publications

New Eco-Friendly Xanthate-Based Flotation Agents

New Eco-Friendly Xanthate-Based Flotation Agents

Degradation of Thiol Collectors Using Ozone at a Low Dosage: Kinetics, Mineralization, Ozone Utilization, and Changes of Biodegradability and Water Quality Parameters

Recent progress of sample stacking in capillary electrophoresis (2014–2016)

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