Xanthan sulfuric acid as an efficient, green, biodegradable, and recyclable solid acid catalyst for one-pot synthesis of N-substituted pyrroles under solvent-free conditions at room temperature

Rahmatpour, Ali

doi:10.1007/s00706-011-0604-5

Cited by 19 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…An important trend is the use of green catalysts that not only can be reused but are also biodegradable, some being obtained from biomass such as xanthan [40] or from synthetic polymeric structures such as PEG [41].…”

Section: Paal-knorr Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Green Synthesis of Pyrrole Derivatives

Zúñiga

Sathicq

Martínez

et al. 2017

COS

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Background: Pyrroles are organic cyclic compounds with an extensive and fascinating chemistry. These compounds have a wide structural variety and they are an important basis in technological development as they can be used as drugs, dyes, catalysts, pesticides, etc. Therefore, the production of these heterocyclic compounds by efficient clean methodologies is a great achievement in contemporary chemistry. In this paper, we show recent green procedures in the synthesis of pyrrole derivatives such as Hantzsch, Knorr and Paal- Knorr syntheses, as well as new eco-friendly synthetic procedures with high efficiency and low environmental impact. Objective: This work focusses on the recent advances in the pyrrole synthesis using clean techniques like ultrasound (US), microwaves (MW), high speed vibration milling (HSVM), catalysts use, solvent replace and other methodologies applied to common reactions to obtain the pyrrole core which follow the green chemistry principles. Conclusion: The main challenge of Green Chemistry is to gradually eliminate the generation of hazardous or harmful materials or replace them with less toxic and safer ones. However, this process must be driven by scientific developments. Its application in the synthesis of heterocyclic compounds such as pyrrole derivatives involves multiple economic and social benefits due to the biological importance of these compounds and their direct impact on the pharmaceutical industry. Although many processes are still under investigation using novel methodologies of green activation such as microwaves, ultrasound and HSVM, as well as synthetic processes in continuous flow and processes at room temperature, promising results such as cost and waste reduction and greater efficiency are achieved.

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Section: Paal-knorr Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Green Synthesis of Pyrrole Derivatives

Zúñiga

Sathicq

Martínez

et al. 2017

COS

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“…It is very stable under a wide range of temperatures and pH values [9]. Recently, xanthan sulfuric acid (XSA) has emerged as a promising biopolymeric solid-support acid catalyst for acid catalysed reactions, such as the synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones [10], thiadiazolo benzimidazoles [11], 4,4 0 -(arylmethylene)bis(1H-pyrazol-5ols) [12], 14-aryl-14H-dibenzo[a,i]xanthene-8,13-diones [13], N-substituted pyrroles [14], a-amino phosphonates [15] and coumarins [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Xanthan sulfuric acid: An efficient and biodegradable solid acid catalyst for the synthesis of bis(indolyl)methanes under solvent-free conditions

Siddiqui

Tarannum

2013

Comptes Rendus. Chimie

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Xanthan sulfuric acid (XSA) is found to be an efficient catalyst for the electrophilic substitution reaction of indole with aromatic aldehydes to afford the corresponding bis(indolyl)methanes at room temperature under solvent-free conditions. The catalyst was characterized for the first time with the help of powder XRD, SEM-EDX and DSC-TGA. The attractive features of this green, new methodology are excellent yield of products, clean reaction profile, reusability of the catalyst, energy sustainable protocol, simple experimental and easier work-up procedures.

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“…HCl [9] , HOAc [10] , I 2 [11] , K10 [12] , Sc(OTf) 3 [13] , Bi(NO 3 ) 3 • H 2 O [14] , UO 2 (NO 3 )•6H 2 O [15] , RuCl 3 [16] , SnCl 2 •H 2 O [17] , 黄原胶磺酸 [18] , 苯磺酸基膦酸锆 [19] 以及纳米硫酸氧化锆 [20] . 此外, 上述的环缩合过程也能够在超声 [21] 和微波 [22] 中进行.…”

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