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Aneja, Madhu; Gianfagna, Thomas J.; Ng, Ehy

doi:10.1023/a:1006153502897

Cited by 68 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Cacao flowers ordinarily commence anthesis in late afternoon/evening, are fully open from early in the morning the following day, and remain receptive into the afternoon (Sampayan 1966). They senesce over the following 24-48 hr (Aneja et al 1999). Volatiles were collected for 24 hr, starting at 09:00-12:00, after which collection filters were wrapped in aluminum foil and transported to the Natural Resources Institute (NRI), Chatham Maritime, UK.…”

Section: Sampling Floral Odorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Floral Odors and the Interaction between Pollinating Ceratopogonid Midges and Cacao

et al. 2019

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Most plant species depend upon insect pollination services, including many cash and subsistence crops. Plants compete to attract those insects using visual cues and floral odor which pollinators associate with a reward. The cacao tree, Theobroma cacao, has a highly specialized floral morphology permitting pollination primarily by Ceratopogonid midges. However, these insects do not depend upon cacao flowers for their life cycle, and can use other sugar sources. To understand how floral cues mediate pollination in cacao we developed a method for rearing Ceratopogonidae through several complete lifecycles to provide material for bioassays. We carried out collection and analysis of cacao floral volatiles, and identified a bouquet made up exclusively of saturated and unsaturated, straightchain hydrocarbons, which is unusual among floral odors. The most abundant components were tridecane, pentadecane, (Z)-7pentadecene and (Z)-8-heptadecene with a heptadecadiene and heptadecatriene as minor components. We presented adult midges, Forcipomyia sp. (subgen. Forcipomyia), Culicoides paraensis and Dasyhelea borgmeieri, with natural and synthetic cacao flower odors in choice assays. Midges showed weak attraction to the complete natural floral odor in the assay, with no significant evidence of interspecific differences. This suggests that cacao floral volatiles play a role in pollinator behavior. Midges were not attracted to a synthetic blend of the above four major components of cacao flower odor, indicating that a more complete blend is required for attraction. Our findings indicate that cacao pollination is likely facilitated by the volatile blend released by flowers, and that the system involves a generalized odor response common to different species of Ceratopogonidae.

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Section: Sampling Floral Odorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Floral Odors and the Interaction between Pollinating Ceratopogonid Midges and Cacao

et al. 2019

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“…Molecular changes in the lupine AZ were associated with spatial and temporal modulation of the homeostasis of ABA and ET (Figures 4 and 5), which are the main stimulators of abscission [22,28]. The involvement of ABA in organ abscission has been well documented [4,[73][74][75][76][77]. Its specific localization in AZ cells has also been reported [22].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…Finally, most of the abscission-induced genes are expressed directly in the AZ following the activation of the separation. The precisely regulated timing of organ detachment is determined by the metabolic activity of the AZ cells, which highly depends on the presence of phytohormones, including abscisic acid (ABA), ethylene (ET), and auxin [4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disruption of the Auxin Gradient in the Abscission Zone Area Evokes Asymmetrical Changes Leading to Flower Separation in Yellow Lupine

Kućko

Wilmowicz

Pokora

et al. 2020

IJMS

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How auxin transport regulates organ abscission is a long-standing and intriguing question. Polar auxin transport across the abscission zone (AZ) plays a more important role in the regulation of abscission than a local concentration of this hormone. We recently reported the existence of a spatiotemporal sequential pattern of the indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) localization in the area of the yellow lupine AZ, which is a place of flower detachment. In this study, we performed analyses of AZ following treatment with an inhibitor of polar auxin transport (2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid (TIBA)). Once we applied TIBA directly onto the AZ, we observed a strong response as demonstrated by enhanced flower abscission. To elucidate the molecular events caused by the inhibition of auxin movement, we divided the AZ into the distal and proximal part. TIBA triggered the formation of the IAA gradient between these two parts. The AZ-marker genes, which encode the downstream molecular components of the inflorescence deficient in abscission (IDA)-signaling system executing the abscission, were expressed in the distal part. The accumulation of IAA in the proximal area accelerated the biosynthesis of abscisic acid and ethylene (stimulators of flower separation), which was also reflected at the transcriptional level. Accumulated IAA up-regulated reactive oxygen species (ROS) detoxification mechanisms. Collectively, we provide new information regarding auxin-regulated processes operating in specific areas of the AZ.

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“…Ethylene is a phytohormone that performs diverse regulatory functions in the growth and development of plants, including seed germination [11,12] root growth [13,14] fruit ripening [15,16], and flower and leaf abscission [17,18]. Additionally, ethylene plays a key role in biotic and abiotic stress responses [19][20][21] and is considered an important modulator of plant growth and development.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Profiling of ACC synthase gene (ACS11) expression in Arabidopsis induced by abiotic stresses

et al. 2019

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Abiotic stress induce the production of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC), the precursor of ethylene by activating the enzyme ACC synthase. There are twelve ACC synthase genes reported in the genome of Arabidopsis, and the ACC synthase 11 (ACS11) gene encodes a polypeptide that is functional; however, its involvement in ethylene biosynthesis in response to abiotic stresses remains unclear. We evaluated the effects of higher ACC accumulation on A. thaliana seedlings in response to abiotic stressors such as flooding, salinity, cold, and drought. Transgenic plants were generated with ACS11 (ACS11-OX), and they demonstrated that overexpression of ACS11 reduces both root and shoot length observed in seedlings. RT-PCR analysis revealed that abiotic stressors induce the expression of the wild type ACS11 gene. Histochemical staining revealed that GUS activity followed the same time course as induction of wild type ACS11 gene expression, increased ACC levels, and production of stress hormone, ethylene. One finding showed that although induction of wild type ACS11 gene occurs under drought stress, GUS activity was highest at 6 h of drought stress and decreased to levels similar to control seedlings at 12 and 24 h. Thus, Wild type ACS11 expression is involved in ACC production, and abiotic stressors induce the expression of ACS11 gene. Moreover, ACC increases in response to abiotic stress lead to the production of ethylene. All of the data presented here suggest that the overexpression of ACS11 paves the way for the production of stress hormone, ethylene, which adversely affected the growth and development of the plant. which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.

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Untitled

Cited by 68 publications

References 18 publications

Floral Odors and the Interaction between Pollinating Ceratopogonid Midges and Cacao

Floral Odors and the Interaction between Pollinating Ceratopogonid Midges and Cacao

Disruption of the Auxin Gradient in the Abscission Zone Area Evokes Asymmetrical Changes Leading to Flower Separation in Yellow Lupine

Profiling of ACC synthase gene (ACS11) expression in Arabidopsis induced by abiotic stresses

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