X-Rays and Computed Tomography Scan Imaging: Instrumentation and Medical Applications

Abstract

This chapter gives a review for both conventional X-ray and computed tomography (CT) scan imaging modalities and their medical applications. The chapter presents a brief history on the discovery of X-ray, X-ray imaging, and computed tomography scan. The linear projection for the generation of the sinogram (the detector’s signals versus the rotational angle) and the filtered backprojection for image reconstruction are discussed. Computer simulations for linear and fan beams X -ray are also presented. The chapter discusses some medical applications of both the conventional X-ray and CT scan imaging.

Nanoparticulated Bimodal Contrast Agent for Ultra-High-Field Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Spectral X-ray Computed Tomography

“…On the other hand, CT is based on the different capacities of living tissues to attenuate an X-ray beam. In contrast to conventional X-ray images, CT provides cross-sectional imaging that, as for MRI, can be digitally “stacked” together to form a three-dimensional (3D) image of the region of interest . In spite of this advantage, it is still difficult to distinguish subtle changes in soft tissues because most of them have similar CT numbers, ranging from 0 to 50 Hounsfield units (HU).…”

“…In contrast to conventional X-ray images, CT provides cross-sectional imaging that, as for MRI, can be digitally “stacked” together to form a three-dimensional (3D) image of the region of interest. 16 In spite of this advantage, it is still difficult to distinguish subtle changes in soft tissues because most of them have similar CT numbers, ranging from 0 to 50 Hounsfield units (HU). Consequently, exogenous CT CAs are required for better delineation of regions of interest.…”