X-ray TV study of the penetration of tin into a steel melt

Ryabov, A. V.; Panfilov, A. M.; Semenova, N. S.

doi:10.1134/s0036029516020154

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Lead emits at all stages of steel production (melting, tapping, working), during melting of leadbearing scrap. It is proved that its ultimate permissible concentration is exceeded in working area when cutting leaded steels at high cutting speeds [9][10][11][12]. All this brings to a conclusion that the use of lead as a principal element improving machinability of steel is to be questioned.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Characteristics of Free-Machining Steels of Cr-Mo Type

Ryabov

2020

SSP

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The work investigates the properties of lead-free free-machining steel grade A30KhMAR, containing BN inclusions, in comparison with the base Cr-Mo steel 30KhM, lead-bearing AS30KhM, lead-calcium-bearing ASTs30KhM, calcium-bearing ATs30KhM, bismuth-calcium-bearing AVTs30KhM and tin-bearing AО30KhM. Effect of bismuth, calcium, lead, tin and boron nitride inclusions on steel susceptibility to temper brittleness and cold brittleness is studied. Contamination of steels with non-metallic inclusions is estimated. End-quench hardenability curves of the test steel A30KhMAR are obtained. Free-machining Cr-Mo structural steel, containing low-melting elements, has ASTM grain size of the number of 7–8. Hardenability and austenite grain size are satisfactory compared to the base steel 30KhM. Mechanical properties of the test steel in longitudinal direction (ultimate and proof stress, specific elongation, reduction in area, impact toughness, hardness) were also determined. It was found that bismuth, calcium, lead, tin, boron and nitrogen (in the form of boron nitride inclusions) within the studied limits do not have negative effect on mechanical properties of heat-treated ASTs30KhM, ATs30KhM, AVTs30KhM, A30KhMAR and AО30KhM steels, and the values of strength, plasticity and toughness characteristics satisfy the requirements of GOST standards for the base steel 30KhM and lead-bearing steel AS30KhM.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Characteristics of Free-Machining Steels of Cr-Mo Type

Ryabov

2020

SSP

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“…A free-machining steel must combine a number of quality characteristics: retention of necessary mechanical properties, comparable machinability and satisfactory plastic workability [3,4]. Production of free-machining steel containing lead, selenium, tellurium, bismuth or sulfur cause temper brittleness and environmental problems (lead belongs to the first and bismuth to the second class of danger by their maximum permissible concentration) [5][6][7]. Thus a need arises for development new classes of environmentally friendly free-machining steel, that would both satisfy the requirements of machinebuilding, automotive and construction industries by their machinability and mechanical properties (sulfur and phosphorus deteriorate mechanical properties of steel), and overcome existing environmental problems of lead-, tellurium-and selenium-bearing steels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medium-Carbon Free-Cutting Steel

Ryabov

2019

MSF

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The paper presents theoretical and experimental studies of the formation processes of boron nitride, aluminium nitride, aluminium oxide and manganese sulphide inclusions in a free-cutting steel. Fact Sage software was used to model the behaviour of non-metallic inclusions. Formation temperatures and the amount of key inclusions in steel were calculated. Formation order of inclusions is as follows: aluminium oxide > boron nitride > manganese sulphide > aluminium nitride. The object of study was the A45AR grade steel in 1.1–1.2 kg ingots. It was melted in an induction furnace, and aluminium, nitrided ferrosilicon and ferroboron were added after deoxidation before tapping. Quality estimation included chemical composition, macro-and microstructure, the character and shape of non-metallic inclusions. The finished metal contained fine and uniformly distributed inclusions of boron nitride. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of boron nitrides distribution in metal matrix showed that they were present both as individual and complex compounds, mostly of spherical shape. The size of BN inclusions varied from 0.18 to 6.52 μm. The amount of boron added to steel did not affect the size of MnS non-metallic inclusions.

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Medical and biological consequences of terrorism in Russia and worldwide (2005-2018)

Evdokimov

Chernov

2020

Med.-biol. soc.-psihol. probl. bezop. črezvyčajnyh situac.

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X-ray TV study of the penetration of tin into a steel melt

Cited by 4 publications

References 4 publications

Comparative Characteristics of Free-Machining Steels of Cr-Mo Type

Comparative Characteristics of Free-Machining Steels of Cr-Mo Type

Medium-Carbon Free-Cutting Steel

Medical and biological consequences of terrorism in Russia and worldwide (2005-2018)

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