X-ray spectra from a gas-puff <i>z</i>-pinch device

Burkhalter, P. G.; Shiloh, J.; Fisher, A.; Cowan, Robert D.

doi:10.1063/1.326560

Cited by 91 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…As a result, the efficiency of conversion of the energy supplied "from the socket" into the energy of short-wavelength radiation increased. The idea of a multiwire load is close to that of a pulsed gas-puffing load [13,14] or a load created by filling the diode with a laser-produced plasma immediately before the discharge [15,16]. At the same time, the experiments had shown that the results obtained with multiwire and "nonwire" loads of high-current diodes differed dramatically [17,18].…”

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confidence: 97%

X-pinch. Part I

2015

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Results of experimental studies of the Х-pinch since its invention and implementation in 1982 at the Lebedev Physical Institute are presented. The concept of the Х-pinch arose in the course of innovative experiments on studying the generation of hot dense plasma in nanosecond Z-pinches. The main idea was to localize the region occupied by the plasma and stabilize the moment of its formation. This was achieved by using a load in the form of crossed wires. The resulting plasma object turned out to be so interesting that a new scientific direction appeared in plasma physics. At present, studies in this direction are being performed in many laboratories worldwide. The term Х-pinch became conventional, and sections devoted to its study are always present at plasma conferences. Х-pinch is not only a very interesting scientific object, but also a unique source of X-ray emission with extreme parameters. The use of Х-pinches for point-projection X-ray radiography of high-energy-density objects provided many new experimental results. In some cases, the concepts of the processes occurring in matter upon fast energy deposition changed dramatically. The review consists of two parts. The first part briefly outlines the history of creation and studies of Х-pinches, describes the diagnostic techniques and devices developed during these studies, and presents the main results obtained in studying the physical processes occurring in the Х-pinch. The second part is devoted to the results of detailed studies of the Х-pinch hot spot-the region where the highest plasma parameters are achieved and which is a source of X-ray emission with extreme parameters. Some results of Х-pinch simulations are also presented.

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X-pinch. Part I

2015

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“…X-ray emission is seen pulsing, which is accompanied by local MHD instability. Soft x-ray radiation from hot spots has been observed in the usual z-pinch [5], but x-rays ecceeding 10 keV have not been observed [2]. Since it had been understood that high energy x-rays would be radiated from the device during the process of the experiment, x-ray radiation outside the device was measured for safety.…”

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Hard X-Ray Radiation from a Z-Pinch with a Divergent Gas-Puff

Takasugi

Kiuchi

2007

Plasma and Fusion Research

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An experiment on a new type of z-pinch with divergent gas-puff was conducted for the realization of a point radiation source with high efficiency. X-ray radiation of energy 150 -200 keV that far exceeded the power-supply voltage was observed. The x-rays were radiated from the center of the anode surface, and the point radiation source was achieved. Since the energy transfer to a gas-puff z-pinch is efficient [1,2], and high temperature and high density plasma is easily achieved, it can be used as a soft x-ray and EUV light source. The high temperature plasma points (hot spots) produced are distributed on the center axis between the electrodes.On the other hand, the plasma converges to a single point in the plasma focus, and the point radiation source is formed. As the plasma flows axially after the conversion, dispersial to surrounding areas like the z-pinch is limited. However, previous plasma focus has the disadvantage of not obtaining a strong pinch easily. Since the device is filled with operating gas and initiated using the surface discharge from the insulator, the energy input is limited by the insulating material [3].The essence of the plasma focus is that the structure of the electrodes is coaxial, and not in plane symmetry. So the plasma produced is not axially uniform. The experiment using the z-pinch with the divergent gas-puff was conducted in order to realize the point radiation source with good efficiency using the advantage of both devices. It was understood during the process of the experiment that not only soft x-rays but also high energy x-rays would be radiated from the plasma, and the energy, the intensity, and the source of the x-rays were examined.The experiment was conducted using the SHOTGUN gas-puff z-pinch device at Nihon University (Fig. 1). The energy storage section of the device consists of a 30 kV 24 µF capacitor bank, and the maximum discharge current is 300 kA. The charged voltage of the bank was 25 kV in this experiment.The isolated gas distribution can be formed between the electrodes with a high-speed gas valve and an annular Laval nozzle mounted on the anode [4]. The gas was ejected parallel to the axis in the usual z-pinch experiment. Here the ejection angle of the gas was 10 • outward, and

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“…There has been considerable interest in x-ray transitions from high Z atoms with charge states around the neonlike isosequence, attained in pulsed power [1][2][3][4], tokamak [5][6][7][8][9][10] and laser produced [11][12][13] plasmas. X-ray lasing [14,15] has been demonstrated in neonlike ions, and a need to understand the kinetics of this system has motivated development of very precise collisional-radiative modeling tools [16].…”

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confidence: 99%