X-ray Production by Heavy Charged Particles

Merzbacher, Eugen; Lewis, Howard B.

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-45898-9_4

Cited by 135 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 1 publication

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…(Merzbacher and Lewis 1958, Basbas et al 1973. These theories generally use hydrogenic electron wave functions.…”

Section: A Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Including this interaction gives additional incoherent contributions to inner-shell ionization and excitation called the transverse excitation cross sections to distinquish them from the longitudinal contributions coming mainly from the static Coulomb interaction. The transverse ionization cross sections have been calculated for target Kvacancy production using hydrogenic wave functions following similar methods used for nonrelativistic projectiles (Merzbacher and Lewis 1958). At 5-GeV/amu, the transverse and longitudinal ionization cross sections are about equal, but the transverse cross sections continue to increase as lnY 2 at high energies where the longitudinal ones approach a constant.…”

Section: A Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(12) The first term in this expression is identical to that used in the nonrelati vis tic PWBA (Merzbacher and Lewis 1958). In nonrelati vis tic derivations of the PWBA, both the current-current interaction and retardation effects are neglected, but the only effect on the final formula is the absence of the transverse ionization term in Eq.…”

Section: ~ ~mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(17). This allows us to use nonrelativistic theories (Merzbacher and Lewis 1958) to calculate the most important contribution to ionization by relativistic ions.…”

Section: ~ ~mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Relativistic Heavy-Ion-Atom Collisions

Anholt

Gould

1986

Advances in Atomic and Molecular Physics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…(Merzbacher and Lewis 1958, Basbas et al 1973. These theories generally use hydrogenic electron wave functions.…”

Section: A Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ~ ~mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(17). This allows us to use nonrelativistic theories (Merzbacher and Lewis 1958) to calculate the most important contribution to ionization by relativistic ions.…”

Section: ~ ~mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Relativistic Heavy-Ion-Atom Collisions

Anholt

Gould

1986

Advances in Atomic and Molecular Physics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…This is not feasible where hundreds of particle shell combinations may exist, and it is usual to adopt the Slater (1930) picture in which electrons are described by independent-particle subshell quantum numbers (n, I), and the effective charge of the ion deduced from empirical screening factors. Then the cross sections for the various charge-changing processes may be calculated, using some well-known approximations: chiefly the first Born approximation for electron loss and excitation (Walske 1956;Merzbacher and Lewis 1958) and the OBK theory for electron capture (Betz 1980). Given some experimental data on ion energy losses, one may attempt to fit these with standard theory.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Excitation of Swift Heavy Ions in Foil Targets. IV. Preequilibrium Energy Losses and Mean Charge States

Bridwell¹,

Hay²,

Pender³

et al. 1988

Aust. J. Phys.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Studies have been made of the approach to energy-loss and charge-state equilibrium of initially pure charge states of ions, transmitted through thin carbon targets. Ions of Li, F and C1 at 3 MeV per AMU were used. Detailed observations were made of outgoing energy losses and charge-state distributions, for outgoing charges equal to those ingoing. A Monte Carlo analysis is made of the charge changing processes, which allows calculation of energy losses due to projectile charge exchange. The residual electronic target-ionisation loss is analysed to predict in-target charge states of the projectile ions. Using these, a comparison is made between the in-target effective charge for target ionisation, and the averaged ionic charge which fits charge-exchange data.

show abstract

SEMI‐empirical and empirical formulas for calculation of K‐shell ionization cross sections by proton impact: a comparison

2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

According to the plane wave Born approximation (PWBA) and the binary encounter approximation (BEA) models, it is possible to fit the cross sections obtained with any atomic element at any particle energy using a scaling law for a K-shell. The semi-empirical K-shell ionization cross sections are then deduced by fitting the available experimental data normalized to their corresponding theoretical values. For the empirical K-shell ionization cross sections, a third-order polynomial was used to fit the same experimental data for protons. Our results are compared with the predictions of the ECPSSR theory and with other earlier works. Good agreement is obtained, but it is emphasized that the ultimate solution is to deduce the cross sections by fitting the available experimental data for each element separately. 30 Zn using different existing formulas. 11 -14 The experimental cross sections for proton impact used for the calculation of semi-empirical and empirical cross section are selected from the different compilations of Heitz 5 et al. Lapicki 6 and Paul and coworkers. 7,8 In addition to this, we selected an important number of data from papers published from 1992 to 1999, 15 -18 in which Tribedi et al. 15 have measured the ionization cross sections of 11 Na, 12 Mg, 13 Al, 14 Si, 17 Cl, 19 K, 20 Ca, and 22 Ti by protons in the range of 0.5 to 2.5 MeV, Cipolla et al. 16 reported the cross sections for elements between 21 Sc and 30 Zn with proton energy from 0.075 to 0.3 MeV, Yu et al. 17 have given the ionization cross sections for incident protons, deuterons, 3 He, and helium ions for 27 Co, 28 Ni, and 29 Cu, and Ouziane 18 has measured the production cross sections for 13 Al, 24 Cr, 29 Cu, 27 Ag, and 49 In by proton impact in the range of 1 to 2.3 MeV. We have at our disposal a total of 2728 experimental data for 13 Ä Z 2 Ä 30. Since the range of elements with 13 Ä Z 2 Ä 30 contains about the half of the entire database published from 1956 to 1999, we choose to present and discuss the results for this range. Also, we present a polynomial fit for 13 Al, 18 Ar, 25 Mn, and 28 Ni separately. The semi-empirical

show abstract

X-ray Production by Heavy Charged Particles

Cited by 135 publications

References 1 publication

Relativistic Heavy-Ion-Atom Collisions

Relativistic Heavy-Ion-Atom Collisions

Excitation of Swift Heavy Ions in Foil Targets. IV. Preequilibrium Energy Losses and Mean Charge States

SEMI‐empirical and empirical formulas for calculation of K‐shell ionization cross sections by proton impact: a comparison

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About