X-ray PIV measurement of blood flow in deep vessels of a rat: An in vivo feasibility study

Park, Hanwook; Yeom, Eunseop; Lee, Sang Joon

doi:10.1038/srep19194

Cited by 28 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…A different application of X-ray near-field speckle is the use for capturing dynamic processes such as blood flow [126,[178][179][180][181] and the movement of mouse lungs [182,183]. Here, one makes use of speckle created directly by the specimen under study, and no diffuser is needed.…”

Section: Other Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

State of the Art of X-ray Speckle-Based Phase-Contrast and Dark-Field Imaging

Zdora

2018

J. Imaging

102

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Abstract:In the past few years, X-ray phase-contrast and dark-field imaging have evolved to be invaluable tools for non-destructive sample visualisation, delivering information inaccessible by conventional absorption imaging. X-ray phase-sensing techniques are furthermore increasingly used for at-wavelength metrology and optics characterisation. One of the latest additions to the group of differential phase-contrast methods is the X-ray speckle-based technique. It has drawn significant attention due to its simple and flexible experimental arrangement, cost-effectiveness and multimodal character, amongst others. Since its first demonstration at highly brilliant synchrotron sources, the method has seen rapid development, including the translation to polychromatic laboratory sources and extension to higher-energy X-rays. Recently, different advanced acquisition schemes have been proposed to tackle some of the main limitations of previous implementations. Current applications of the speckle-based method range from optics characterisation and wavefront measurement to biomedical imaging and materials science. This review provides an overview of the state of the art of the X-ray speckle-based technique. Its basic principles and different experimental implementations as well as the the latest advances and applications are illustrated. In the end, an outlook for anticipated future developments of this promising technique is given.

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Section: Other Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

State of the Art of X-ray Speckle-Based Phase-Contrast and Dark-Field Imaging

Zdora

2018

J. Imaging

102

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“…A spatial frequency filter was used to remove noises caused by image intensification procedures32. The effects of digital image processing techniques on the accuracy of X-ray PIV measurement are well described in our previous work7. Figure 2b shows a typical X-ray image of the blood flow in the stenosed vessels to which various image processing techniques were applied.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Therefore, the measured hemodynamic information, such as PI and flow velocity, is somewhat different from that under real physiological conditions. These technical limitations can be overcome with advances in the X-ray source or sensitivity of recording devices67. Polychromic X-ray beam can also be used to increase the temporal resolution of the X-ray PIV system.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We used CO 2 microbubbles as flow-tracing particles in X-ray PIV measurements and demonstrated their traceability under steady13 and pulsatile flow conditions9. Recently, we obtained velocity field information in a rat extracorporeal loop9 by using CO 2 microbubbles and validated the in vivo feasibilities of using such microbubbles7.…”

mentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Hence, synchrotron X-ray PIV with high spatial resolution was employed in this study to measure blood flow velocity field information and WSS in the blood vessels of a rat stenosis model. X-ray PIV has been utilized to investigate hemodynamic characteristics in blood vessels67, a stenosis model8, and a rat extracorporeal loop9. To obtain such hemodynamic information in blood vessels through X-ray PIV, fine particles, such as iopamidol encapsulated by polyvinyl alcohol10, gold nanoparticles11, ultrasound contrast agents12, and CO 2 microbubbles13, are introduced as flow tracers.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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In vivo measurement of hemodynamic information in stenosed rat blood vessels using X-ray PIV

Park

Lee

2016

Sci Rep

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Measurements of the hemodynamic information of blood flows, especially wall shear stress (WSS), in animal models with circulatory vascular diseases (CVDs) are important to understand the pathological mechanism of CVDs. In this study, X-ray particle image velocimetry (PIV) with high spatial resolution was applied to obtain velocity field information in stenosed blood vessels with high WSS. 3D clips fabricated with a 3D printer were applied to the abdominal aorta of a rat cadaver to induce artificial stenosis in the real blood vessel of an animal model. The velocity and WSS information of blood flows in the stenosed vessel were obtained and compared at various stenosis severities. In vivo measurement was also conducted by fastening a stenotic clip on a live rat model through surgical intervention to reduce the flow rate to match the limited temporal resolution of the present X-ray PIV system. Further improvement of the temporal resolution of the system might be able to provide in vivo measurements of hemodynamic information from animal disease models under physiological conditions. The present results would be helpful for understanding the relation between hemodynamic characteristics and the pathological mechanism in animal CVD models.

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Speckle‐Tracking Strain Analysis for Mapping Spatiotemporal Contractility of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell (iPSC)‐Derived Cardiomyocytes

Izadifar,

Berecz,

et al. 2023

Current Protocols

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Human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)‐derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC‐CMs) hold tremendous potential for cardiovascular disease modeling, drug screening, personalized medicine, and pathophysiology studies. The availability of a robust protocol and functional assay for studying phenotypic behavior of hiPSC‐CMs is essential for establishing an in vitro disease model. Many heart diseases manifest due to changes in the mechanical strain of cardiac tissue. Therefore, non‐invasive evaluation of the contractility properties of hiPSC‐CMs remains crucial to gain an insight into the pathogenesis of cardiac diseases. Speckle tracking–based strain analysis is an efficient non‐invasive method that uses video microscopy and image analysis of beating hiPSC‐CMs for quantitative evaluation of mechanical contractility properties. This article presents step‐by‐step protocols for extracting quantitative contractility properties of an hiPSC‐CM system obtained from five members of a family, of whom three were affected by DiGeorge syndrome, using speckle tracking–based strain analysis. The hiPSCs from the family members were differentiated and purified into hiPSC‐CMs using metabolic selection. Time‐lapse images of hiPSC‐CMs were acquired using high‐spatial‐resolution and high‐time‐resolution phase‐contrast video microscopy. Speckled images were characterized by evaluating the cross‐correlation coefficient, speckle size, speckle contrast, and speckle quality of the images. The optimum parameters of the speckle tracking algorithm were determined by performing sensitivity analysis concerning computation time, effective mapping area, average contraction velocity, and strain. Furthermore, the hiPSC‐CM response to adrenaline was evaluated to validate the sensitivity of the strain analysis algorithm. Then, we applied speckle tracking–based strain analysis to characterize the dynamic behavior of patient‐specific hiPSC‐CMs from the family members affected/unaffected by DiGeorge syndrome. Here, we report an efficient and manipulation‐free method to analyze the contraction displacement vector and velocity field, contraction‐relaxation strain rate, and contractile cycles. Implementation of this method allows for quantitative analysis of the contractile phenotype characteristics of hiPSC‐CMs to distinguish possible cardiac manifestation of DiGeorge syndrome. © 2023 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Differentiation of iPSCs into iPSC‐derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC‐CMs) and metabolic selection of differentiated iPSC‐CMsSupport Protocol 1: Culture, maintenance, and expansion of human iPSCsSupport Protocol 2: Immunohistochemistry of iPSC‐CMsBasic Protocol 2: Time‐lapse speckle imaging of iPSC‐CMs and speckle quality characterizationSupport Protocol 3: Enhancement of local contrast of videos by applying contrast limited adaptive histogram equalization (CLAHE) to all framesSupport Protocol 4: Evaluation of average speckle sizeSupport Protocol 5: Evaluation of average speckle contrastSupport Protocol 6: Determination of relative peak height, Pc(x), of consecutive images acquired from video microscopy of iPSC‐CMsBasic Protocol 3: Speckle tracking–based analysis of beating iPSC‐CMsSupport Protocol 7: Validation of sensitivity of the speckle tracking analysis for mapping the contractility of iPSC‐CMsBasic Protocol 4: Data extraction, visualization, and mapping of contractile cycles of iPSC‐CMs

show abstract

X-ray PIV measurement of blood flow in deep vessels of a rat: An in vivo feasibility study

Cited by 28 publications

References 32 publications

State of the Art of X-ray Speckle-Based Phase-Contrast and Dark-Field Imaging

State of the Art of X-ray Speckle-Based Phase-Contrast and Dark-Field Imaging

In vivo measurement of hemodynamic information in stenosed rat blood vessels using X-ray PIV

Speckle‐Tracking Strain Analysis for Mapping Spatiotemporal Contractility of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell (iPSC)‐Derived Cardiomyocytes

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