X-Ray Photon Correlation Spectroscopy for the Characterization of Soft and Hard Condensed Matter

Bikondoa, Oier

doi:10.1007/978-3-662-48606-1_3

Cited by 5 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 231 publications

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“…The q -dependence of Γ for each data set was obtained by fitting with the following function where Γ 0 is a pre-factor and p is the scaling exponent. For Brownian diffusion, p = 2, and for ballistic relaxations, p = 1 . At very short cure times, the fit to eq was not performed because the relaxation was too fast to obtain Γ for enough q values.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For Brownian diffusion, p = 2, and for ballistic relaxations, p = 1. 20 At very short cure times, the fit to eq 2 was not performed because the relaxation was too fast to obtain Γ for enough q values. All fitting was done in Python using the SciPy curve_fit function 32 and the LMFIT package.…”

Section: ■ Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Here, we perform in situ X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy (XPCS) on epoxy resins during cure. XPCS probes the nanoscale dynamics in bulk samples by measuring the correlation function of scattered coherent X-rays. , By doing so at a variety of wavevectors ( q ), dynamics over a range of length scales, here 20–100 nm, are probed. Dilute spherical nanoparticles (NPs) were added to the resin at a concentration of 1 vol % to serve as probes, as this neat resin is not suitable for XPCS due to low small-angle X-ray scattering intensity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dynamics of Polymerization and Gelation in Epoxy Nanocomposites via X-ray Photon Correlation Spectroscopy

et al. 2021

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The details of the curing process of epoxy resins are notoriously difficult to ascertain, hampering polymer matrix composite manufacturing. Here, the curing of a series of six epoxy resins containing dilute spherical nanoparticles was investigated via X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy (XPCS). The resin formulation was varied to achieve a range of crosslink densities and topologies. Prior to gelation, the viscosities obtained from XPCS agreed with bulk rheology. A clear dynamic transition was detected in all samples, where the q-scaling changes from approximately q 2.2 to q 1, indicating a transition from sub-diffusive to ballistic-like nanoparticle motion. For the samples with a high crosslink density, this change was abrupt and coincided with gelation, and there was no evidence of crosslink heterogeneity. Chain entanglement played a role in the transition for samples with lower crosslink density. This work reveals the potential of XPCS to deliver new quantitative insights into the curing process of thermosetting resins.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ■ Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dynamics of Polymerization and Gelation in Epoxy Nanocomposites via X-ray Photon Correlation Spectroscopy

et al. 2021

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“…However, there are limitations in terms of q range and concentrations which can be studied, especially when the sample becomes turbid. With the advent of third generation synchrotron sources, XPCS has emerged as an alternative method for probing the equilibrium dynamics in such systems [9,[103][104][105]. The XPCS technique exploits the coherence properties of the X-ray beam and the measured scattering patterns display speckles as shown in Figure 12.…”

Section: Equilibrium Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The XPCS can be performed in both SAXS and WAXS configurations. The wide-angle XPCS provides access to atomic dynamics in relatively slow systems such as supercooled liquids and molecular glasses [104,105]. Recent studies of atomic dynamics include aging behavior of metallic glasses [107] and beam induced dynamics of oxide glasses [108].…”

Section: Equilibrium Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synchrotron Scattering Methods for Nanomaterials and Soft Matter Research

Narayanan

Konovalov

2020

Materials

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This article aims to provide an overview of broad range of applications of synchrotron scattering methods in the investigation of nanoscale materials. These scattering techniques allow the elucidation of the structure and dynamics of nanomaterials from sub-nm to micron size scales and down to sub-millisecond time ranges both in bulk and at interfaces. A major advantage of scattering methods is that they provide the ensemble averaged information under in situ and operando conditions. As a result, they are complementary to various imaging techniques which reveal more local information. Scattering methods are particularly suitable for probing buried structures that are difficult to image. Although, many qualitative features can be directly extracted from scattering data, derivation of detailed structural and dynamical information requires quantitative modeling. The fourth-generation synchrotron sources open new possibilities for investigating these complex systems by exploiting the enhanced brightness and coherence properties of X-rays.

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Multi‐timescale Measurements with Energetic Beams for Molecular Technology

Hada

Hoshino

2019

Molecular Technology

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X-Ray Photon Correlation Spectroscopy for the Characterization of Soft and Hard Condensed Matter

Cited by 5 publications

References 231 publications

Dynamics of Polymerization and Gelation in Epoxy Nanocomposites via X-ray Photon Correlation Spectroscopy

Dynamics of Polymerization and Gelation in Epoxy Nanocomposites via X-ray Photon Correlation Spectroscopy

Synchrotron Scattering Methods for Nanomaterials and Soft Matter Research

Multi‐timescale Measurements with Energetic Beams for Molecular Technology

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