X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and ionic transport studies on lead fluoroborate glasses

Abstract

Fast-anion-conducting glasses in the system xPbF2:(1-x)B2O3 have been synthesized and analysed by thermal, electrical and spectroscopic techniques. The ionic conductivity ( sigma ) of these glasses is measured as a function of temperature and chemical composition by the complex impedance method and the results indicate that the conduction of fluorine as charge carriers is governed by activation energy alone. Infrared and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy studies have provided evidence for fluorine participation in the berate network. Further, the compositional dependence of X-ray photoelectron F 1s spectra indicates that fluorine is incorporated predominantly as B-O-F and Pb-O-F bonds in the oxide network at high B2O3 and PbF2 content respectively. The spectroscopic results obtained are discussed in relation to anionic conduction.

Evidence of fluoride oxidation for development of the electrochemically-induced crystallization observed in lead oxyfluoroborate glasses

“…Fitting of the data in Fig. 1b through applying relation (3) provided activation energies of about 0.64 ± 0.04 to 0.91 ± 0.05 eV from pure PbF 2 to pure YSZ, in good agreement with literature [4,20,21], while noting parallely that the material conductivity correspondingly decreases from the former compound (with fluoride ions acting as leading charge carriers [20]) to the latter one (with oxygen vacancies acting as leading charge carriers [21,22]). For the data collected at 200°C, the composition dependence of bulk conductivity from all the prepared composite-like samples is illustrated in Fig.…”

“…[1]. Among the glasses with expressive ionic conductivity, the oxyfluoroborate ones have been largely studied [2][3][4][5], being concluded that fluoride ions are the main charge carriers in these materials [3][4][5]. Nevertheless, application of an electric field and/or atmosphere ambient gradients, necessary for executing the above application functions, may alter glassy electrolytes by promoting phenomena such as non-spontaneous crystallization.…”

Fluoride-modified electrical properties of lead borate glasses and electrochemically induced crystallization in the glassy state

“…Consequently, provided that the fluoride ions are the main conduction charge carriers in fluoroborate-based glasses, 4,5 the final result according to which BG decreases with increasing PbF 2 glass content ͑see Table III͒ is then to be theo-…”

“…1,2 In particular, when compared to ceramic materials, for instance, the interest in glassy materials also arises from the simplicity and low cost of their production. In this way, the study of ionic conductivity of fluoroborate glasses has been considered, [3][4][5] showing the fluoride ions to be the highly mobile and main charge carriers. 4,5 For executing the above-envisaged application functions, any way, the materials have to be subjected to electric fields or atmosphere ambient gradients to induce electromigration through ion transport.…”

Enhancement Effect of Borate Doping on the Oxygen Evolution Activity of α-Nickel Hydroxide

“…The broad O 1s feature in both NOH and B-NOH can be deconvoluted into three componentsas Ni–O (530.8 eV), Ni–OH (531.9 eV), and H 2 O (533.4 eV), respectively. The presence of B–O species in B-NOH, the binding energy of which overlaps with that of Ni–OH, could cause an apparent increase of the Ni–OH component in the B-NOH spectrum . The peak at 855.5 eV in the Ni 2p spectrum of NOH (Figure f) can be assigned to Ni­(II) of Ni­(OH) 2 .…”