X-ray microtomography in comparison to radiographic analysis of mechanically damaged maize seeds and its effect on seed germination

Gomes-Júnior, Francisco Guilhien; Cícero, Silvio Moure; Vaz, C. M. P.; Lasso, Paulo Renato Orlandi

doi:10.4025/actasciagron.v41i1.42608

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The results from the study showed that X-ray significantly affected plant growth (plant height and plant dry matter) and some growth indices (crop growth rate, relative growth rate, absolute growth rate, and leaf area ratio), yield and yield components (number of seeds, weight of seed and grain yield) of maize as well as nutritional value of the crop. The findings were similar to several studies conducted on different crops which proved the ability of X-radiation to cause important physiological and morphological changes such as root growth (Jain et al, 2010), percentage of seed germination (Sheppard and Chubey, 1990;Cicero et al, 1998., Gomes-Junior et al 2019) and leaf growth (Sheppard et al, 1987), thus confirming that the use of radiation may be helpful to improve grain yield in maize through mutation breeding program.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Improvement of growth, yield and nutritional status of maize (Zea mays L.) through X-ray bombardment of seed

Mbah¹

2022

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Crop improvement faces a lot of challenges ranging from genetic effects of seeds to environmental factors, among others. Therefore, certified hybrid seeds of maize (Oba super II), were exposed to three different doses of X-ray radiation: 3 MGy, 6 MGy, 9 MGy and a control, no exposure (0 MGy) to assess the effect of irradiation on growth performance, grain yield and nutritional status of maize. The field research was conducted in 2016 cropping season at Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike (latitude 05º 29'N; longitude 07º 33'E; altitude 122 masl), southeast Nigeria. The experiment was laid down in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The results indicated that X-ray irradiation significantly affected growth, yield and nutritional status of maize. The application of 6 MGy of X-ray dose gave the longest cob, highest 100-seed weight and grain yield (4,973.00 kg ha-1 ) as well as nutritional values of the crop such as b-carotene, vitamin C, protein and phosphorus relative to the other treatments suggesting a possible genetic synergy from the dosage level. Correlation showed that above ground dry matter, crop growth rate and absolute growth rate had positive and significant (P≤0.05) relationships with grain yield. The mean sequence of grain yield obtained from maize due to X-ray bombardment of the seeds before planting was in the order: 6 MGy X-ray irradiation>9 MGy X-ray irradiation>3 MGy X-ray irradiation>0 MGy X-ray irradiation. The implications of these results can lead to further improvement of maize varieties in southeast Nigeria.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Improvement of growth, yield and nutritional status of maize (Zea mays L.) through X-ray bombardment of seed

Mbah¹

2022

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“…With the use of specific software, seed fractions in longitudinal and cross sections can be analyzed on the computer screen, increasing the chances of identifying mechanical damage that is difficult to visualize in X-ray (two-dimensional) images. Thus, image analysis using the micro-CT technique was effective for identifying injuries not observed in the X-ray test and highlights the effectiveness of this technique in studies on mechanical damage in seeds, as observed by other researchers (Gomes-Junior et al, 2019).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 69%

Treatment of soybean seeds with mechanical damage: effects on their physiological potential

et al. 2021

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Mechanical damage is a serious problem for the physiological potential of soybean seeds, especially when combined with chemical treatment. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of chemical treatment on the physiological potential of soybean seeds with increasing levels of mechanical damage. Soybean seeds (cv. M6410 IPRO) of two lots with differences in vigor were subjected to five levels of mechanical damage (zero, one, two, three, and four impacts) brought about in a controlled manner. After characterization of the effect of the impacts on seed physical integrity (X-ray, X-ray microtomography, tetrazolium, and sodium hypochlorite), the seeds were subjected to four combinations of chemical treatment with fungicides (carbendazim and thiram), insecticides (imidacloprid and thiodicarb), micronutrients (cobalt and molybdenum), polymer (Peridiam®), and drying powder (Talkum Gloss®). Seed germination and vigor were evaluated sixty days after chemical treatment. A progressive increase in mechanical damage, especially that which causes cracks in the seed coat, reduces the physiological potential of soybean seeds and increases their sensitivity to the phytotoxic effect of the chemical treatment. The physical integrity of the seed coat is crucial for the success of technologies used for chemical seed treatment.

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“…If the surfaces are exposed to moisture and microorganism in the air, toxic chemicals such as aflatoxins might be produced (Pitt, Taniwaki, & Cole, 2013), which threatens the food safety. Furthermore, if the damaged kernels are used as seeds, the germination rate might be affected (Gomes Junior, Cícero, Vaz, & Lasso, 2019) and thus reducing the grain yield. Consequently, the kernel damage should be controlled at the first place in order to avoid these disadvantages.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feature selection, artificial neural network prediction and experimental testing for predicting breakage rate of maize kernels based on mechanical properties

Xia

Yang

et al. 2020

J Food Process Engineering

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The kernel breakage in harvest process is a significant problem which causes massive grain losses. In order to solve this problem, a possible solution is to predict the breakage rate and give suitable harvest time thus reducing grain losses. This study focused on using mechanical properties to predict breakage rate. Compression tests, compression–relaxation tests, insertion–retraction and stretch tests were conducted and 20 parameters were derived. Threshing tests were conducted to get breakage rate. As these parameters might be related and it is not practical to use massive parameters for prediction, the feature selection using neighborhood component analysis (FSNCA) was used for picking important parameters. The variables were compacted to an acceptable level by the FSNCA while various aspects of mechanical properties were included. The FSNCA determined the hardness of floury endosperm, rupture energy in vertical direction (x‐axis), allowable stress in lateral direction (z‐axis), hysteresis in x‐axis and elastic modulus in z‐axis as predictors. The artificial neural network (ANN) was built for prediction. The built ANN model showed an agreement in prediction results and real breakage rate (R = 0.98). The prediction error was ±1.7%.Practical ApplicationsThe mechanical properties were illustrated as potential indexes which can be utilized for predicting breakage rate of maize kernels in threshing process. The selection method reduced the dimension of predictors, which means fewer tests are required for prediction. As a result, this research proposed a possible solution for the prediction of maize breakage in harvest. Moreover, the prediction model can give guidance for optimal harvest time and thus reduce breakage rate in harvest.

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X-ray microtomography in comparison to radiographic analysis of mechanically damaged maize seeds and its effect on seed germination

Cited by 11 publications

References 19 publications

Improvement of growth, yield and nutritional status of maize (Zea mays L.) through X-ray bombardment of seed

Improvement of growth, yield and nutritional status of maize (Zea mays L.) through X-ray bombardment of seed

Treatment of soybean seeds with mechanical damage: effects on their physiological potential

Feature selection, artificial neural network prediction and experimental testing for predicting breakage rate of maize kernels based on mechanical properties

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