X-ray generation by high irradiance subpicosecond lasers

Kyrala, G. A.; Fulton, R. D.; Wåhlin, E. K.; Jones, Llewellyn H.; Schappert, G. T.; Cobble, J. A.; Taylor, Antoinette J.

doi:10.1063/1.107077

Cited by 60 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Over the past two decades several experiments have been performed to determine x-ray yield and conversion efficiency as a function of laser irradiance, wavelength, and pulse duration. [3][4][5][6][7][8] In addition, the drastic decrease in x-ray conversion efficiency with heavier target materials has been demonstrated experimentally. [9][10][11] The problem encountered by an experimentalist designing an x-ray backlighter source is the scarcity of data points and the confusion created by discrepancies in the available data.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

X-ray yield scaling studies performed on the OMEGA laser

Workman

Kyrala

2001

Review of Scientific Instruments

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We have performed experiments with planar targets on the OMEGA laser facility at the University of Rochester. These experiments investigated the scaling of x-ray yield and conversion efficiency with the laser energy and focusing properties for several different target materials. The experiments were also designed to investigate the feasibility of high-energy backlighters under typical irradiance geometries. The scaling of Fe emission near 6.7 keV was investigated by varying laser irradiance from 10 14 to 10 16 W/cm 2 . In addition, the scaling of x-ray yield with emitted x-ray energy was studied at fixed laser irradiance near 10 16 W/cm 2 for Fe, Zn, and Ge. The time-integrated spectra as well as filtered x-ray film gave relative x-ray yields.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

X-ray yield scaling studies performed on the OMEGA laser

Workman

Kyrala

2001

Review of Scientific Instruments

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“…Some of this experimental work has previously been done. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] The problem encountered by the experimentalist is that the number of data points is limited and those that do exist often disagree. In some cases discrepancies can be explained by the differences between lasers (in particular the far field distribution).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<title>Scaling of x-ray K-shell sources from laser-solid interactions</title>

Workman

Kyrala

2001

SPIE Proceedings

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The application of x-ray sources to imaging of dense objects is a standard technique. The quality of the x-ray image depends both on the x-ray source wavelength and on the flux. To improve the flux of the x-ray source it is important to understand how the conversion efficiency scales with laser irradiance and target material. We present measurements of x-ray conversion efficiency in solid Cr, Fe, Ni, Zn and Ge targets as a function of the laser irradiance using the OMEGA laser facility. The results show a steep decrease in the conversion efficiency with increasing Z while the scaling of conversion efficiency with laser irradiance can show a peak. Values for x-ray yield are determined using time-integrated crystal spectrometer data.

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“…One of the authors (G.T.S.) with his collaborators has shown that KrF and XeC1 lasers can generate He-and H-like Aluminum line radiation in the 1.5-1.8 keV spectral range and thus generate intensities on those lines of the order of 1014W/cma at the target [6,7]. With such light sources, an experimental study of multi-photon ionization of inner shell electrons might be possible.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Two-photon ionization of an inner shell electron of the Cl atom

Abdallah

Collins

Csanak

et al. 1995

Z Phys D - Atoms, Molecules and Clusters

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Abstract.We have calculated, using second order perturbation theory, the two photon ionization cross section of a K-shell electron of chlorine for E = 1.6 keV incident photons. Two classes of intermediate states must be considered, those in which a ls electron moves to an empty p-orbital, and those in which an electron from an occupied p-orbital moves into the continuum. The first class of intermediate states is followed by the ejection of a pelectron into the continuum. The second class of intermediate states is followed by the transfer of a ls electron into an empty p-state. The largest contribution comes from 3p --, d-continuum followed by ls ~ 3p transition.Our result is ~(2)/I = 2.06 × 1041 cm4/W where o -(2) is the two photon ionization cross-section and I is the light intensity.

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X-ray generation by high irradiance subpicosecond lasers

Cited by 60 publications

References 20 publications

X-ray yield scaling studies performed on the OMEGA laser

X-ray yield scaling studies performed on the OMEGA laser

<title>Scaling of x-ray K-shell sources from laser-solid interactions</title>

Two-photon ionization of an inner shell electron of the Cl atom

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