X-ray diffraction study of the hydrogen reduction of NiO/α-Al2O3 steam reforming catalysts

Richardson, James T.; Scates, R.M; Twigg, M. V.

doi:10.1016/j.apcata.2004.02.022

Cited by 114 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 50 publications

(49 reference statements)

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“…Ni peaks at 2θ = 44.1°, 52.2°and 76.2° (Richardson et al, 2004). The sharp Ni peaks indicate that the sample has a large crystallite size of (18-20 nm).…”

mentioning

confidence: 96%

CO2 reduction to syngas and carbon nanofibres by plasma-assisted in situ decomposition of water

Mahammadunnisa

Reddy

Ray

et al. 2013

International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control

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“…Ni peaks at 2θ = 44.1°, 52.2°and 76.2° (Richardson et al, 2004). The sharp Ni peaks indicate that the sample has a large crystallite size of (18-20 nm).…”

mentioning

confidence: 96%

CO2 reduction to syngas and carbon nanofibres by plasma-assisted in situ decomposition of water

Mahammadunnisa

Reddy

Ray

et al. 2013

International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control

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“…As reduction proceeds, the metallic nuclei agglomerate to form clusters, leading to the decrease of the available sites on the lattice surface. Besides, the diluent molecules (e.g., H 2 O, CO 2 , N 2 ) may adsorb onto the catalytic medium, occupy the open sites and hence inhibit the adsorption process [58,69]. As a result, the conversion process controlled by adsorption usually shows a sigmoidal conversion-versus-time profile, as documented in the literature [4,58,64].…”

Section: Adsorption Process Controlsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The dissociated molecules may further migrate within the lattice, break metal oxide bonds, and consume the lattice oxygen ions. The metal cations may migrate within the grain, collapse into clusters, grow, and finally overlap to form crystallites of the solid product [58]. During the oxidation, the oxygen molecules are ionized by the electrons within the lattice, occupying active sites and forming electron holes [64], as seen in Figure 5b.…”

Section: Adsorption Process Controlsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The dissociated oxygen atom may dissolve within the grain while the metal cations may migrate to partner the adsorbed oxygen on the grain surface [65]. These processes are complicated, and involve several intermediate steps [58,59,66]. Here, the Eley-Rideal reaction mechanism is used to qualitatively model the adsorption process, as follows: (17) where AS represents the adsorbed molecule on the lattice, and S is the open site in the lattice.…”

Section: Adsorption Process Controlsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As described in Section 2, the conversion may invlove several key intermediate steps [4,58,59]: (1) To account for the simultaneous action of these steps, one can combine these resistances in series with their individual driving forces and fluxes, following the electrical circuit analogy, and develop a detailed model to capture the spatial and temporal resolutions of this process. This will be addressed in depth in the future.…”

Section: Reactivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Design of a rotary reactor for chemical-looping combustion. Part 1: Fundamentals and design methodology

Zhao

Iloeje

Chen

et al. 2014

Fuel

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Chemical-looping combustion (CLC) is a novel and promising option for several applications including carbon capture (CC), fuel reforming, H 2 generation, etc. Previous studies demonstrated the feasibility of performing CLC in a novel rotary design with micro-channel structures. In the reactor, a solid wheel rotates between the fuel and air streams at the reactor inlet, and depleted air and product streams at exit. The rotary wheel consists of a large number of micro-channels with oxygen carriers (OC) coated on the inner surface of the channel walls. In the CC application, the OC oxidizes the fuel while the channel is in the fuel zone to generate undiluted CO 2 , and is regenerated while the channel is in the air zone. In this two-part series, the effect of the reactor design parameters is evaluated and its performance with different oxygen carriers (OC) is compared. In Part 1, the design objectives and criteria are specified and the key parameters controlling the reactor performance are identified. The fundamental effect of the OC  Corresponding author. Tel.: +1 617 253 2295. E-mail address: ghoniem@mit.edu (A.F. Ghoniem) 2 characteristics, the design parameters, and the operating conditions are studied. The design procedures are presented on the basis of the relative importance of each parameter, enabling a systematic methodology of selecting the design parameters and the operating conditions with different OCs. Part 2 presents the application of the methodology to the designs with the three commonly used OCs, i.e., nickel, copper, and iron, and compares the simulated performances of the designs.

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Reactions During Catalyst Activation

Delmon

2008

Handbook of Heterogeneous Catalysis

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The sections in this article are Introduction Particular Features of Chemical Reactions of Supported Solids Characteristics of Reactions of Solids: Possible Consequences in the Kinetics of Activation Interface‐Controlled ( IC ) Reactions Interaction Between Supported Phases and Supports Case 1: Very Weak Forces Case 2: Electronic Interaction Cases 3 to 7: Attachment Through a Transition Layer Case 8: Grafted Precursors Intermediate Cases Activation of Supported Catalysts by Calcination Activation of Supported Catalysts by Reduction General: Effect of Precursor Dispersion Overall Effects: Influence of Calcination Temperature in Precursor Preparation Role of Precursors Influence of the Amount of Deposited Precursor Loaded on the Support Effect of the Formation of Compounds between the Precursor and the Support Nature of the Support Effect of Modifiers (Promotors) Influence of the Activation Conditions Final Remarks Reduction–Sulfidation Fundamental Data Influence of the Sequence of Steps in Reduction‐Sulfidation Influence of the Activation Temperature Influence of the Sulfiding Molecule Other Results Outlook Activation of Other Catalysts Conventional Activation and the Real State of Catalysts during Catalysis Conclusions

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X-ray diffraction study of the hydrogen reduction of NiO/α-Al2O3 steam reforming catalysts

Cited by 114 publications

References 50 publications

CO2 reduction to syngas and carbon nanofibres by plasma-assisted in situ decomposition of water

CO2 reduction to syngas and carbon nanofibres by plasma-assisted in situ decomposition of water

Design of a rotary reactor for chemical-looping combustion. Part 1: Fundamentals and design methodology

Reactions During Catalyst Activation

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