X-ray diffraction from single fibres of spider silk

Bram, A.; Brändén, Carl‐Ivar; Craig, Catherine L.; Snigireva, Irina; Riekel, C.

doi:10.1107/s0021889896012344

Cited by 54 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 4 publications

(4 reference statements)

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“…The infrared spectra for the all samples indicated an amide II band at ca 1516 cm −1 . The band shift was found for the amide II band from 1516 to 1522 cm −1 for Eresus cinnaberrinus (1).…”

Section: Ftir Spectramentioning

confidence: 92%

“…The remaining part of the amide I region from 1660 to 1690 cm −1 arose mainly from turns. The infrared spectra in the 4000-400 cm −1 region of Eresus cinnaberrinus (1) and Steatoda paykulliana (8) are shown in Fig. 8 as representative illustrations.…”

Section: Ftir Spectramentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Following this step, some peaks related with interplanar distances of crystalline phases of alanine, glycine, silk peptide and silk fibroin were indicated as observed peaks in the patterns. Table 1 The widely expected crystalline structures in the content of the silk samples and observed peaks (in the hiding silk of Eresus cinnaberinus) related with these structures Alanine [31,36] Glycine [31,36] Silk peptide [5] Silk fibroin [1,42] Crystallographic planes related with widely expected crystalline structures in the content of the silk samples and observed peaks in the hiding silk of Eresus cinnaberinus were given in the Table 1. Some of the XRD patterns are given in Fig.…”

Section: Silk Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Structural characterization of a variety of spider silks from Turkey using different biophysical techniques

et al. 2011

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Abstract. Various experimental methods (XRD, FTIR, SAXS, DLS and SEM) were used to investigate structures of the silk samples weaved by spiders in Turkey. Silk samples were collected from the natural habitats belonging to the spider species (i.e., Near Salt Lake/Şereflikoçhisar,İvriz Dam/Eregli-Konya, Karataş Lake/Burdur and several locations in Black Sea Region of Turkey). Among all collected species, Araneidae (Araneus angulatus, Argiope bruennichi, Argiope lobata, Larinoides cornutus), Eresidae (Eresus cinnaberinus), Agelenidae (Agelena labyrinthica), Oecobidae (Uroctea durandi), Miturgidae (Cheiracanthium erraticum), Salticidae (Heliophanus flavipes, Philaeus chrysops), Theridiidae (Steatoda paykulliana) and Gnaphosidae were found significant amongst other spider species. Structural differences and similarities of these species were reported. Diameter range of draglines, inter crystallite distance of nano-size structures, mean size range of nano-structure aggregations, crystallite size range, information about protein content were obtained. The mechanical properties of some silk fibers were also investigated.

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Section: Ftir Spectramentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Ftir Spectramentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Silk Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Structural characterization of a variety of spider silks from Turkey using different biophysical techniques

et al. 2011

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“…short, stereotyped amino acid sequences that form specific secondary structures. The major ampullate silk of the Orbiculariae contains poly-alanine and glycine-alanine motifs that form -sheet crystals (Jelinski et al, 1999;Kümmerlen et al, 1996;Simmons et al, 1994;Xu and Lewis, 1990), glycine-glycine-X motifs that form 3 10 helices (Bram et al, 1997;van Beek et al, 2002) and glycine-proline-glycine motifs (Ayoub et al, 2007;Hayashi and Lewis, 1998;Hayashi et al, 1999;Hinman et al, 2000;Hinman and Lewis, 1992). There is no consensus as to what structures are formed by the glycine-prolineglycine motifs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of supercontraction in spider silk: structure–function relationship from tarantulas to orb-weavers

Boutry

Blackledge

2010

Journal of Experimental Biology

109

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SUMMARYSpider silk is a promising biomaterial with impressive performance. However, some spider silks also 'supercontract' when exposed to water, shrinking by up to ~50% in length. Supercontraction may provide a critical mechanism to tailor silk properties, both for future synthetic silk production and by the spiders themselves. Several hypotheses are proposed for the mechanism and function of supercontraction, but they remain largely untested. In particular, supercontraction may result from a rearrangement of the GPGXX motif within the silk proteins, where G represents glycine, P proline and X is one of a small subset of amino acids. Supercontraction may prevent sagging in wet orb-webs or allow spiders to tailor silk properties for different ecological functions. Because both the molecular structures of silk proteins and how dragline is used in webs differ among species, we can test these hypotheses by comparing supercontraction of silk across diverse spider taxa. In this study we measured supercontraction in 28 spider taxa, ranging from tarantulas to orb-weaving spiders. We found that silk from all species supercontracted, except that of most tarantulas. This suggests that supercontraction evolved at least with the origin of the Araneomorphae, over 200 million years ago. We found differences in the pattern of evolution for two components of supercontraction. Stress generated during supercontraction of a restrained fiber is not associated with changes in silk structure and web architecture. By contrast, the shrink of unrestrained supercontracting fibers is higher for Orbiculariae spiders, whose silk contains high ratios of GPGXX motifs. These results support the hypothesis that supercontraction is caused by a rearrangement of GPGXX motifs in silk, and that it functions to tailor silk material properties.

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“…[13][14][15][16][17] User applications at the ID13 beamline include many fields of modern materials science covering among others metals, 18 carbon fibers, 19 synthetic polymers, [20][21][22] as well as biopolymers and biological tissues. [23][24][25][26][27][28][29] In the meanwhile, x-ray microbeams with high photon flux are available also at other sites, and dedicated instruments for scanning SAXS/WAXS have been built 30 or are in the construction phase. Particularly important for the success of microbeam SAXS/WAXS techniques is also the recent development of high resolution area detectors for x-ray scattering.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From diffraction to imaging: New avenues in studying hierarchical biological tissues with x-ray microbeams (Review)

Paris

2008

Biointerphases

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Load bearing biological materials such as bone or arthropod cuticle have optimized mechanical properties which are due to their hierarchical structure ranging from the atomic/molecular level up to macroscopic length scales. Structural investigations of such materials require new experimental techniques with position resolution ideally covering several length scales. Beside light and electron microscopy, synchrotron radiation based x-ray imaging techniques offer excellent possibilities in this respect, ranging from full field imaging with absorption or phase contrast to x-ray microbeam scanning techniques. A particularly useful approach for the study of biological tissues is the combination x-ray microbeam scanning with nanostructural information obtained from x-ray scattering [small-angle x-ray scattering (SAXS) and wide-angle x-ray scattering (WAXS)]. This combination allows constructing quantitative images of nanostructural parameters with micrometer scanning resolution, and hence, covers two length scales at once. The present article reviews recent scanning microbeam SAXS/WAXS work on bone and some other biological tissues with particular emphasis on the imaging capability of the method. The current status of instrumentation and experimental possibilities is also discussed, and a short outlook about actual and desirable future developments in the field is given.

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X-ray diffraction from single fibres of spider silk

Cited by 54 publications

References 4 publications

Structural characterization of a variety of spider silks from Turkey using different biophysical techniques

Structural characterization of a variety of spider silks from Turkey using different biophysical techniques

Evolution of supercontraction in spider silk: structure–function relationship from tarantulas to orb-weavers

From diffraction to imaging: New avenues in studying hierarchical biological tissues with x-ray microbeams (Review)

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