X-ray computed tomography of Australian oil shales: non-destructive visualization and density determination

Coshell, Lee; Mciver, R. G.; Chang, Ray K.W.

doi:10.1016/0016-2361(94)90307-7

Cited by 26 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…XCT can be used to spatially visualize laminations over a similar range to x-ray radiography (Coshell et al 1994;Josh et al 2012). 3D volume renderings show that laminations occur sub-parallel to the axis of the sample.…”

Section: Shale Microstructurementioning

confidence: 99%

Correlative multi-scale imaging of shales: a review and future perspectives

Fauchille

Dowey³

et al. 2017

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As the fastest growing energy sector globally, shale and shale reservoirs have attracted the attention of both industry and scholars. However, the strong heterogeneity at different scales and the extremely fine-grained nature of shales makes macroscopic and microscopic characterisation highly challenging. Recent advances in imaging techniques have provided many novel characterisation opportunities of shale components and microstructures at multiple scales. Correlative imaging, where multiple techniques are combined, is playing an increasingly important role in the imaging and quantification of shale microstructures (for example, one can combine optical microscopy, SEM/TEM and X-ray radiography in 2D, or XCT and 3D-EM in 3D). Combined utilization of these techniques can characterize the heterogeneity of shale microstructures over a large range of scales, from macroscale to nanoscale (~10 0-10-9 m). Other chemical and physical measurements can be correlated to imaging techniques to provide complementary information for minerals, organic matter and pores. These imaging techniques and subsequent quantification methods are critically reviewed to provide an overview of the correlative imaging workflow. Applications of the above techniques for imaging particular features in different shales are demonstrated and key limitations and benefits summarized. Current challenges and future perspectives in shale imaging techniques and their applications are discussed.

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Section: Shale Microstructurementioning

confidence: 99%

Correlative multi-scale imaging of shales: a review and future perspectives

Fauchille

Dowey³

et al. 2017

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“…X-ray microcomputed tomography (μCT) has provided direct visualization and quantitative assessment of geological samples [Andrä et al, 2013;Andrew et al, 2013;Berg et al, 2013;Blunt et al, 2013;Cnudde and Boone, 2013;Dann et al, 2010;Ketcham and Carlson, 2001;Lin et al, 2015Lin et al, , 2016Mahabadi et al, 2012;Menke et al, 2015;Singh et al, 2016;Wildenschild and Sheppard, 2013], including oil shale rocks [Coshell et al, 1994;Kang et al, 2011;Tiwari et al, 2013]. The advantage of μCT is that it allows nondestructive access to the internal structure of objects, providing qualitative and quantitative data about the structure and morphology of 3-D samples and features (pores, fractures, grains, etc.).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…μCT has been applied to oil shale samples from the United States (Green River) [Tiwari et al, 2013], China (Fushun) [Kang et al, 2011], and Australia (Queensland) [Coshell et al, 1994]. Tiwari et al [2013] characterized pore structures before and after pyrolysis based on 42 μm voxel size scans with pores as large as 500 μm observed after pyrolysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic imaging of oil shale pyrolysis using synchrotron X‐ray microtomography

Saif

Lin

Singh

et al. 2016

Geophysical Research Letters

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The structure and connectivity of the pore space during the pyrolysis of oil shales determines hydrocarbon flow behavior and ultimate recovery. We image the time evolution of the pore and microfracture networks during oil shale pyrolysis using synchrotron X‐ray microtomography. Immature Green River (Mahogany Zone) shale samples were thermally matured under vacuum conditions at temperatures up to 500°C while being periodically imaged with a 2 µm voxel size. The structural transformation of both organic‐rich and organic‐lean layers within the shale was quantified. The images reveal a dramatic change in porosity accompanying pyrolysis between 390 and 400°C with the formation of micron‐scale heterogeneous pores. With a further increase in temperature, the pores steadily expand resulting in connected microfracture networks that predominantly develop along the kerogen‐rich laminations.

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“…Computed tomography (CT) has long been used as a nondestructive diagnostic tool in many disciplines. The first applications of tomography were in radio astronomy (Bracewell, 1956), and since then it has been widely used in fields such as medical imaging, seismology, petroleum engineering, acoustic imaging, soil science, and the powder industry (e.g., Kantzas et al, 1992;Coshell et al, 1994;Amos et al, 1996;Zeng et al, 1996;and Phillips & Lannutti, 1997). For example, Steude et al (1994) presented a bibliography research conducted to determine soils physical properties using X-ray computed tomography.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Assessment of Spatial Distribution of Porosity in Synthetic Quartz Cores Using Microfocus Computed Tomography (µCT)

Alshibli

Alramahi

Attia

2006

Particulate Science and Technology

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The effects of particle sorting and compaction pressure on spatial distribution of porosity of synthetic quartz cores were investigated. A high-resolution X-ray computed tomography (CT) system with a microfocus X-ray source was used to acquire CT scans of 12 cores. The cores consist of a mixture of quartz powder and different proportions of quartz granulates (with a particle size range of 0.126 to 0.210 mm) that were compacted at 20.68 MPa (3,000 psi), 27.58 MPa (4,000 psi), and 34.47 MPa (5,000 psi) pressures. Calibration of core density was carried out according to the ASTM standard procedure. Computer algorithms were developed to calculate local porosity (/) values, producing about 15 million / values per core. The results of the analysis were represented by histograms and qualitatively compared with capillary pressure versus brine saturation measurements. As a result of changing the particle sorting (i.e., using a wider range of particle sizes), the standard deviation of the porosity distribution increases for the cores compacted under the same pressure. There were mixed trends of the effects of compaction pressure on porosity. However, they are qualitatively consistent with the capillary pressure measurements.

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X-ray computed tomography of Australian oil shales: non-destructive visualization and density determination

Cited by 26 publications

References 8 publications

Correlative multi-scale imaging of shales: a review and future perspectives

Correlative multi-scale imaging of shales: a review and future perspectives

Dynamic imaging of oil shale pyrolysis using synchrotron X‐ray microtomography

Assessment of Spatial Distribution of Porosity in Synthetic Quartz Cores Using Microfocus Computed Tomography (µCT)

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