X-Ray Absorption and Emission

Campbell, W. J.; Brown, James Dean

doi:10.1021/ac60211a026

Cited by 20 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 136 publications

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“…7 When the Mylar was replaced with each new plant sample in the present study, variations of up to 7% in the sample/ standard ratio were attributable to variations in the Mylar itself, either variations in thickness or in composition. This was overcome by matching the Mylar film in all sample holders being used, and retaining the same Mylar when changing the samples.…”

Section: Mylar Filmmentioning

confidence: 57%

Determination of sulphur in plant material by X‐ray emission spectrometry

McLachlan

Crawford

1970

J Sci Food Agric

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A simple, rapid technique for the routine determination of total sulphur in pasture samples is described. Eighty samples a day could be measured, with little additional time needed for the sample preparation.Measurements were made directly on loosely packed plant material. The intensity of emission at the sulphur-Ka line for each plant sample was related to that of a fused reference standard used in silicate analysis.Variations in sample density, due mainly to particle size of the material and ambient humidity, influenced the results, but were eliminated readily.A linear expression, Y = 0.4162X-0.0047 (r = 0.9968; P <0.001) relating X, the ratio, and Y, the chemically determined sulphur content of the sample, was derived.Introduction Jenkins et al.1 have shown that the use of X-ray emission spectrometry could be extended satisfactorily to the determination of elements of low atomic number in plant material, where many of them occur in trace amounts. Sulphur was not among the elements tested in that study and its measurement by colorimetric procedures2~3 is time-consuming.Brown & Kanaris-S~tiriou~ have developed a technique for the measurement of sulphur in soils, and Kobuta & Lazar5 have described a method for plant material in which the ground sample is packed loosely into a Mylar-backed sample holder, and the intensity ratio of the sulphur-Ka line to background is measured by X-ray fluorescence. The relation between the ratio and the chemically determined sulphur content was linear (r = 0.994; R = 98.8%). When this technique was adapted to the authors' instrument system for the measurement of sulphur in subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.) it proved less satisfactory. Individual correlation coefficients were acceptable, but there was a displacement between linear expressions depending upon when they had been made. This displacement effect was eliminated when the simple procedures outlined below were followed. The one standard relationship could now be applied on any occasion when measurements were made. Experimental and Results Sample preparationStored, dried plant material was heated for 15 min in an oven at 105"c priorto grinding. Thesamples were then ground in a high-speed mill to pass a 60-mesh sieve. Once the particle-size range had been established, it was sufficient to estimate the size visually, thereby eliminating sieving of individual samples.As required, samples of the ground material were taken and further dried in a vacuum oven at 70" for 0.5 h before transfer to the spectrometer for measurement.In the range 0-3-4.0 g, sample weight did not influence the intensity of the sulphur-Ka line. A convenient sample weight (1-1 * 5 g) was estimated visually. Weighing was not necessary. MethodAll measurements were made with a Philips X-ray Spectrometer PW1540, using the accessories and settings shown in Table I. The intensity of emission at the sulphur-Ka line for each sample was compared directly with that of a fused reference standard, FS31, used in silicate analysis. A fixed counting time of 40...

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Section: Mylar Filmmentioning

confidence: 57%

Determination of sulphur in plant material by X‐ray emission spectrometry

McLachlan

Crawford

1970

J Sci Food Agric

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“…Consequently it is easy to imagine a rather marked improvement in analytical speed by optimizing several of the basic components -e.g., use of an excitation source more suitable for exciting soft x-rays, operation of the source at constant potential and more nearly at maximum power, use of a diffracting crystal selected for its low wavelength efficiency, etc. (3) In outline the analytical procedure is as follows:…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An X-Ray Fluorescence Method for the Determination of Calcium, Potassium, Chlorine, Sulfur, and Phosphorus in Biological Tissues

Alexander¹

1965

Anal. Chem.

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“…The names of these reviews are X‐Ray Absorption and Emission and, since 1976, X‐Ray Spectrometry . The authors of these review papers are the known American specialists H. A. Liebhafsky, E. H. Winslow, and H. Pfeiffer (1960 and 1962), W. J. Campbell and J. D. Brown (1964), W. J. Campbell, J. D. Brown, and J. W. Thatcher (1966 and 1968), W. J. Campbell and J. V. Gilfrich (1970), L. S. Birks (1972), and L. S. Birks and J. V. Gilfrich (1974 and 1976) . Figure presents data of the annual number of publications on X‐ray spectral analysis .…”

Section: Brief Characteristics Of the Journalmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the 40th anniversary of the journal X‐Ray Spectrometry

Ревенко

2012

X-Ray Spectrometry

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This journal, X‐Ray Spectrometry, celebrates its 40th anniversary this year. The state of the publications on X‐ray spectral analysis from 1972 onward is considered. The distribution of materials over countries is presented, as published in X‐Ray Spectrometry for 40 years, in 5‐year time intervals: 1972–1976, 1977–1981, and so on. The participation of Russian scientists contributing to the publications in this journal is discussed. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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X-Ray Absorption and Emission

Cited by 20 publications

References 136 publications

Determination of sulphur in plant material by X‐ray emission spectrometry

Determination of sulphur in plant material by X‐ray emission spectrometry

An X-Ray Fluorescence Method for the Determination of Calcium, Potassium, Chlorine, Sulfur, and Phosphorus in Biological Tissues

On the 40th anniversary of the journal X‐Ray Spectrometry

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