X-Band Sheet Beam Klystron (XSBK)

Cusick, Michael; Atkinson, John; Balkcum, Adam; Caryotakis, G.; Gajaria, Deepika; Grant, T.J.; Meyer, Chris; Lind, K.; Perrin, M.; Scheitrum, G.; Jensen, Aaron

doi:10.1109/ivelec.2009.5193419

Cited by 23 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…12 Doses of etomidate and thiopental were converted to propofol equivalents by using mean values of the dose range for induction provided in Cusick's Anesthesia & Critical Care Reference Sheet. 13 Doses of midazolam were considered separately. The 95% effective dose was used to convert neuromuscular-blocking agents to vecuronium equivalents.…”

Section: Variables Analyzedmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Increased Risk of Intraoperative Awareness in Patients with a History of Awareness

et al. 2013

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Section: Variables Analyzedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The 95% effective dose was used to convert neuromuscular-blocking agents to vecuronium equivalents. 13 ETAC values for volatile agents were converted into age-adjusted minimum alveolar concentration (aaMAC) values. 14 If patients received more than one drug from each class, the sum of equivalent doses was calculated.…”

Section: Variables Analyzedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased Risk of Intraoperative Awareness in Patients with a History of Awareness

et al. 2013

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“…Significant breakthroughs have been made in the last ten years. Several prototype devices have been successfully developed [3][4][5][6][7], which demonstrates the great potential of the sheet-beam technology, especially in power enhancement. Those inventions in many ways represent state-of-the-art technologies of developing VEDs except that most of them are based on solenoidal magnetic fields generated by the permanent magnets [8,9] whose volume and weight increase dramatically as the magnetic field peak and the transport distance increased.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Experiments of the Sheet Electron Beam Transport with Periodic Cusped Magnetic Focusing for Terahertz Traveling-Wave Tubes

Zhang¹,

Pan²,

Chen³

et al. 2021

Electronics

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The successful transport of a sheet electron beam under the periodic cusped magnet (PCM) focusing at the terahertz frequencies is reported. The sheet beam with a current density of 285 A/cm2 is intended for the developing G-band sheet-beam traveling-wave tube (TWT) whose operating voltage is nominally 24.5 kV. A beamstick was developed to validate the design of the electron optics system, which is considered as the most challenging part for developing a sheet-beam device. A beam transmission ratio of 81% is achieved over a distance of 37.5 mm at a cathode voltage of −25.0 kV. The total current and the collector current were measured to be 125 and 102 mA, respectively. The experimental results are promising, demonstrating that the PCM scheme is capable of focusing a high-current-density sheet beam and hence can find use in the terahertz TWTs, offering the advantages of compact size and light weight.

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“…The first high frequency output X band SBK has been tested in CPI in 2009 [1], and the first high power output W-band SBK was tested in NRL in 2013 [2]. Recently, many works have been carried out on the development of the sheet electron beam klystron for the XSBK and WSBK in IECAS [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The development of X-band and W-band sheet beam klystron in IECAS

Ruan¹,

Zhao²,

Yang³

et al. 2014

IEEE International Vacuum Electronics Conference

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In this paper, the development of X-band and W-band sheet beam klystron (SBK) is introduced thoroughly in IECAS recently. The compact planar PCM and closed PCM system are used to focus the sheet beam for both of two types SBK. For the five multi-gap-cavity X-band SBK (XSBK), the cross section of beam is of 50mm4mm，and with the beam voltage of 150kV， beam current of 100A, the designed output power is about 4.6MW with the gain of 39.6dB and efficiency of 30.7%.The XSBK has been manufactured and tested successfully, and the output power is about 2.8MW with the beam voltage of 123kV and beam current of 70A. For the seven multi-gap-cavity Wband SBK (WSBK) with the beam cross section of 10mm0.5mm, the designed output power is about 30kW with the beam voltage of 75kV and beam current of 4A, the gain and efficiency is of 40dB and 10% respectively. At present, the WSBK has been manufactured, and the hot test is being processed. IntroductionCompared with the conventional cylindrical electron beam devices, the sheet beam klystron (SBK) has many advantages, such as low space charge, small focusing magnetic field, high efficiency, high output power and compact structures to meet the critical need for millimeter and sub-millimeter wave applications. The first high frequency output X band SBK has been tested in CPI in 2009 [1], and the first high power output W-band SBK was tested in NRL in 2013 [2]. Recently, many works have been carried out on the development of the sheet electron beam klystron for the XSBK and WSBK in IECAS [3]. The design and simulation of beam-wave interaction system, and the manufacture and test for these two types of SBK will be introduced in this paper.

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X-Band Sheet Beam Klystron (XSBK)

Cited by 23 publications

References 1 publication

Increased Risk of Intraoperative Awareness in Patients with a History of Awareness

Increased Risk of Intraoperative Awareness in Patients with a History of Awareness

Design and Experiments of the Sheet Electron Beam Transport with Periodic Cusped Magnetic Focusing for Terahertz Traveling-Wave Tubes

The development of X-band and W-band sheet beam klystron in IECAS

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