Wrist stabilisation and forearm muscle coactivation during freestyle swimming

Caty, V.; Aujouannet, Yannick A; Hintzy, Frédérique; Bonifazi, Marco; Clarys, Jan Pieter; Rouard, Annie

doi:10.1016/j.jelekin.2006.02.005

Cited by 36 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 23 publications

(30 reference statements)

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“…This signal was then analysed in both the time and frequency domains. Given the fact that the size of the acceleration was unstable in the first and final seconds of each swimming set, the 5 central seconds were selected in each trial to analyse the signal (Caty et al, 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of fatigue on the intra-cycle acceleration in front crawl swimming: A time–frequency analysis

Tella

Toca-Herrera

Gallach

et al. 2008

Journal of Biomechanics

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The present study analyzes the changes in acceleration produced by swimmers before and after fatiguing effort.The subjects (n=15) performed a 25-meter crawl series at maximum speed without fatigue, and a second series with fatigue. The data were registered with a synchronized system that consisted in a position transducer (1 kHz) and a video photogrametry (50Hz). The acceleration (ms -2 ) was obtained by the derivative analysis of the variation of the position with time. The amplitude in the time domain was calculated with the root mean square (RMS); while the peak power (PP), the peak power frequency (PPF) and the spectrum area (SA) was calculated in the frequency domain with Fourier analysis.On one hand, the results of the temporal domain show that the RMS change percentage between series was 67.5% (p<0.001). On the other hand, PP, PPF, and SA show significant changes (p<0.001). PP and SA were reduced by 63.1% and 59.5%, respectively. Our results show that the acceleration analysis of the swimmer with Fourier analysis permits a more precise understanding of which propulsive forces contribute to the swimmer performance before and after fatigue appears.3

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of fatigue on the intra-cycle acceleration in front crawl swimming: A time–frequency analysis

Tella

Toca-Herrera

Gallach

et al. 2008

Journal of Biomechanics

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“…Previous research has examined cardiorespiratory and/or surface EMG (sEMG) recordings of various lower extremity muscles during aquatic treadmill (ATM) walking (Masumoto et al, 2004(Masumoto et al, , 2005(Masumoto et al, , 2007a(Masumoto et al, ,b, 2008 and deep water running (Kaneda et al, 2007;Masumoto et al, 2009). Prior to that, swimming received a significant amount of attention relative to the use of sEMG through both conventional (Caty et al, 2007) and telemetric (Clarys, 1985(Clarys, , 1988Clarys et al, 1983Clarys et al, , 1985Rouard and Clarys, 1995;Rouard et al, 1997Rouard et al, , 1988Yoshizawa et al, 1983) recording systems, which provided insights on muscle recruitment patterns, particularly in the upper extremities. Additionally, some of the swimming research employed indwelling needle electrodes to record upper extremity muscle activity (Nuber et al, 1986;Perry, 1992).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison and reproducibility of sEMG during manual muscle testing on land and in water

Silvers

Dolny

2011

Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology

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“…To confirm whether the second affects the current findings would require muscular activity recordings. However, according to previous EMG studies in swimming (Caty et al, 2007;Lauer et al, 2013), we can expect muscle co-contraction to momentarily occur at the wrist and elbow. As a result, wrist and elbow joint work calculated here might slightly underestimate the actual musculotendon work (by ∼7-14%, on the basis of calculations during walking; Sasaki et al, 2009); this would not alter our main conclusions.…”

Section: Limitations and Future Researchmentioning

confidence: 91%

Modulation of upper limb joint work and power during sculling while ballasted with varying loads

Lauer

Rouard

Vilas-Boas

2017

Journal of Experimental Biology

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The human musculoskeletal system must modulate work and power output in response to substantial alterations in mechanical demands associated with different tasks. In particular, in water, upper limb muscles must perform net positive work to replace the energy lost against the dissipative fluid load. Where in the upper limb are work and power developed? Is mechanical output modulated similarly at all joints, or are certain muscle groups favored? This study examined, for the first time, how work and power per stroke are distributed at the upper limb joints in seven male participants sculling while ballasted with 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 kg. Upper limb kinematics was captured and used to animate body virtual geometry. Net wrist, elbow and shoulder joint work and power were subsequently computed through a novel approach integrating unsteady numerical fluid flow simulations and inverse dynamics modeling. Across a threefold increase in load, total work and power significantly increased from 0.38±0.09 to 0.67±0.13 J kg -1 , and 0.47±0.06 to 1.14±0.16 W kg, respectively. Shoulder and elbow equally supplied >97% of the upper limb total work and power, coherent with the proximo-distal gradient of work performance in the limbs of terrestrial animals. Individual joint relative contributions remained constant, as observed on land during tasks necessitating no net work. The apportionment of higher work and power simultaneously at all joints in water suggests a general motor strategy of power modulation consistent across physical environments, limbs and tasks, regardless of whether or not they demand positive net work.

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Wrist stabilisation and forearm muscle coactivation during freestyle swimming

Cited by 36 publications

References 23 publications

Effect of fatigue on the intra-cycle acceleration in front crawl swimming: A time–frequency analysis

Effect of fatigue on the intra-cycle acceleration in front crawl swimming: A time–frequency analysis

Comparison and reproducibility of sEMG during manual muscle testing on land and in water

Modulation of upper limb joint work and power during sculling while ballasted with varying loads

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