Wound healing modulation by a latex protein-containing polyvinyl alcohol biomembrane

Abstract

In a previous study, we performed the chemical characterization of a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) membrane supplemented with latex proteins (LP) displaying wound healing activity, and its efficacy as a delivery system was demonstrated. Here, we report on aspects of the mechanism underlying the performance of the PVA-latex protein biomembrane on wound healing. LP-PVA, but not PVA, induced more intense leukocyte (neutrophil) migration and mast cell degranulation during the inflammatory phase of the cicatricial process. Likewise, LP-PVA induced an increase in key markers and mediators of the inflammatory response (myeloperoxidase activity, nitric oxide, TNF, and IL-1β). These results demonstrated that LP-PVA significantly accelerates the early phase of the inflammatory process by upregulating cytokine release. This remarkable effect improves the subsequent phases of the healing process. The polyvinyl alcohol membrane was fully absorbed as an inert support while LP was shown to be active. It is therefore concluded that the LP-PVA is a suitable bioresource for biomedical engineering.

A phytomodulatory hydrogel with enhanced healing effects

“…On the Day 14, animals treated with HgCpPII 0.2% showed tissues with the discrete presence of remaining inflammatory foci, with a predominance of PMN cells (Figure 2a) and intense fibroblast proliferation (Table 1). This finding is in good agreement with the previous study of Ramos et al (2016) that reported that 0.2% of latex proteins impregnated in a polyvinyl-alcohol biomembrane promoted healing in excisional wounds even with persistent leukocytes infiltration present until the whole healing. This remaining inflammatory status did not modify the main cellular events occurred posterior to the acute inflammatory phase (Day 2) in both studies.…”

“…Comparative additional data from these assays, such as the time‐course of scab fall and phlogistic signs, are detailed in Table S1. These results point to the efficacy of the phytomodulatory proteins of latex in wound repair as reported before (Ramos et al, ). Furthermore, the formula tested in this study performed better in terms of wound repair than the reference drug, specifically considering the completeness of the histological process.…”

“…(Asclepiadaceae) have been demonstrated to alleviate arthritis and oxidative stress (Chaudhary et al, ; Chaudhary et al, ) and prevent oral and intestinal mucositis that result from chemotherapy (Alencar et al, ; Freitas et al, ). When incorporated into a biomembrane of polyvinyl alcohol, latex proteins have been found to accelerate the healing of incisional and excisional wounds (Figueiredo et al, ; Ramos et al, ). The underlying mechanisms involve the modulation of pro‐inflammatory cytokine release.…”

The Development of Solvent Cast Films or Electrospun Nanofiber Membranes Made from Blended Poly Vinyl Alcohol Materials with Different Degrees of Hydrolyzation for Optimal Hydrogel Dissolution and Sustained Release of Anti-Infective Silver Salts

“…PVA is ideally suited for use in wound dressing compositions because cast films may be applied as a slightly swollen hydrogel film to the wound where it stays in position but is essentially non adherent and may be washed off [2]. This feature keeps the wound moist for faster healing with less scarring and the material may then further absorb wound or burn exudate and form a physical barrier to prevent bacterial invasion [3][4][5][6]. Any residual film material is then easily removed without causing pain to the patient and damage to the wound healing area of skin.…”

Plant Macromolecules as Biomaterials for Wound Healing

“…The modulation of ECM proteases with laticifer proteins has been used as a strategy to improve the performance of healing processes in acute and chronic wounds [42]. Recent advances in plant latex biotechnology has contributed to study the pharmacological properties of proteases-rich fractions from Calotropis procera latex revealing its potential role in procoagulation and blood clot hydrolysis [43], modulation of inflammation [44,45] and enhanced wound healing in animal models using biomembranes of polyvinyl alcohol as vehicle for releasing laticifer proteins [46,47]. In addition, a phytomodulatory galactomannan-based hydrogel has been successfully used to carrier latex proteases from C. procera in experimental excisional wound models.…”