Wound Healing Effect of Essential Oil Extracted from Eugenia dysenterica DC (Myrtaceae) Leaves

Abstract

The use of natural oils in topical pharmaceutical preparations has usually presented safe agents for the improvement of human health. Based on research into the immense potential of wound management and healing, we aimed to validate the use of topical natural products by studying the ability of the essential oil of Eugenia dysenterica DC leaves (oEd) to stimulate in vitro skin cell migration. Skin cytotoxicity was evaluated using a fibroblast cell line (L929) by MTT assay. The oil chemical profile was investigated by GC-MS. Moreover, the inhibition of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced nitric oxide (NO) production in the macrophage cell line (RAW 264.7) tested. The Chick Chorioallantoic Membrane (CAM) assay was used to evaluate the angiogenic activity and irritating potential of the oil. The oEd induces skin cell migration in a scratch assay at a concentration of 542.2 µg/mL. α-humulene and β-caryophyllene, the major compounds of this oil, as determined by GC-MS, may partly explain the migration effect. The inhibition of nitric oxide by oEd and α-humulene suggested an anti-inflammatory effect. The CAM assay showed that treatment with oEd ≤ 292 µg/mL did not cause skin injury, and that it can promote angiogenesis in vivo. Hence, these results indicate the feasibility of the essential oil of Eugenia dysenterica DC leaves to developed dermatological products capable of helping the body to repair damaged tissue.

In Vitro Evaluation of Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, Antimicrobial and Wound Healing Potential of Thymus Sipyleus Boiss. Subsp. Rosulans (Borbas) Jalas

“…Wound healing occurs as a cellular response to injury and during the early phase of wound repair macrophages that play a central role in tissue damage are involved in the maintenance of tissue hemostasis and initiation of inflammatory events. These cells can produce several inflammatory mediators, among them, nitric oxide (NO) is crucial for the development of subsequent events, especially the resolution of inflammation [61].…”

Beta-caryophyllene enhances wound healing through multiple routes

“…When essential oils are used instead of single chemical compound, there have been challenges to examine their mechanism of action because of the large variances in the percentage each chemical compound present [7] depending on the extraction methods [8], the area of origin including differences in the geographic altitude of the areas [9], seasons the plants were harvested [10], and parts of the plants extracted [11,12]. It is thus important to utilize chemically-pure compounds or chemically-defined extracts as described in some recent studies [13–17].…”

A Concise Review on Tissue Engineered Artificial Skin Grafts for Chronic Wound Treatment: Can We Reconstruct Functional Skin Tissue In Vitro?

“…It has been proved that major active substances (e.g., pinene, limonene, thymol, carvacrol) occurring in many EOs may exert strong anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial effects, which are three crucial issues in chronic wound treatment [13][14][15][16][17]. Da Silva et al [18] demonstrated that essential oil extracted from Eugenia dysenterica DC leaves had the ability to induce fibroblast migration, possessed anti-inflammatory activity, and promoted angiogenesis in vivo, suggesting that its topical administration may result in faster regeneration of wounds. Mori et al [19] proved that lavender oil had immunomodulatory activity by upregulation of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β).…”