Wound ballistics of firearm-related injuries—Part 1: Missile characteristics and mechanisms of soft tissue wounding

Stefanopoulos, Panagiotis K.; Filippakis, K.; Soupiou, O.T.; Pazarakiotis, V.C.

doi:10.1016/j.ijom.2014.07.013

Cited by 65 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…Ballistics as it relates to firearms can be divided into Internal ballistics, the study of projectiles within a firearm External ballistics, the study of projectiles in the air, from firearm to target Terminal ballistics, the study of projectiles within its target [6][7][8] Wound ballistics is a subset of terminal ballistics that deals with the behavior of projectiles within living tissue and an analysis of the injuries they cause. 7,8 Although all 3 subcategories of ballistics will affect the wound potential of a projectile, 6 ballistics is a complex topic that cannot be covered in its entirety here. Wound ballistics is briefly discussed.…”

Section: Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although frequently divided into low-velocity and high-velocity projectiles (Box 1), a better classification for wound ballistics would be low-energy transfer and high-energy transfer injuries, 8 which emphasizes that the degree of injury will depend on how effectively the projectile transfers its kinetic energy into the target soft tissues.…”

Section: Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[7][8][9] Mechanisms, as depicted in Fig. 1, include Direct tissue laceration and contusion will occur along the trajectory, referred to as the permanent cavity.…”

Section: Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Penetrating Thoracic Injury

Durso¹,

Caban²,

Múnera³

2015

Radiologic Clinics of North America

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Section: Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Penetrating Thoracic Injury

Durso¹,

Caban²,

Múnera³

2015

Radiologic Clinics of North America

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“…2,3 SCI caused by GSWs is a complex injury and develops through different mechanisms including the direct impact of the bullet, the pressure of shock waves and temporary cavitation. [4][5][6][7] Civilian spinal GSWs have different ballistic characteristics, with damage mainly caused by a direct mass effect. 6 The extent of tissue damage correlates with the distance between the gun and target, trajectory, size, shape and velocity of the bullets.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spinal cord injury resulting from gunshot wounds: a comparative study with non-gunshot causes

et al. 2016

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Study design: Retrospective, comparative 7-year study. Objectives: To identify the clinical characteristics of patients with spinal cord injury (SCI) resulting from gunshot wound (GSW). Setting: Turkish Armed Forces Rehabilitation Center, Ankara, Turkey. Methods: The study included 1043 consecutive patients with SCI who were divided into two groups according to etiology: patients with gunshot-induced spinal cord injury (GSWSCI) constituted the study group, and randomly selected patients with non-gunshot-induced spinal cord injury (NGSWSCI) who were matched for gender and for week of admission constituted the control group. The demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients were recorded, compared and analyzed. Results: The study group included 102 patients (mean age: 26.93 ± 9.11 years). The vast majority of the patients were aged 16-30 years (68.6%) and 90.2% were male. The majority of the lesions were at the thoracic level (58.8%) and a complete injury (60.8%). Surgical stabilization of the spine was performed in 50 patients (49%). The most prevalent associated injury was intra-abdominal injury followed by chest injury. Compared with the NGSWSCI group, the GSWSCI patients were more likely to have a complete lesion (60.8% vs 45.1%, P = 0.025), had a lower rate of surgical stabilization (49 vs 88.2%, P = 0.0001) and had a higher rate of associated injuries (54.9% vs 25.5%, P = 0.0001). Compared with the civilian GSWSCI group, the military GSWSCI patients had a higher rate of surgical stabilization and associated injuries (60% vs 40%, P = 0.049, 68.9% vs 43.9%, P = 0.012, respectively). Conclusion:The results revealed that GSWSCI and military GSWSCI patients may have different demographic and clinical features compared with NGSWSCI and civilian GSWSCI patients, respectively.

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“…In addition, the bullet's state of movement and the formation of a wound track was deduced theoretically, and certain factors (e.g. shape, construction and stability) influenced greatly the rate of energy transfer to the tissue along the wound track were analyzed [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%