Worldwide trends in tracing poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in the environment

Nakayama, Takeo; Yoshikane, Mitsuha; Onoda, Yu; Nishihama, Yukiko; Iwai-Shimada, Miyuki; Takagi, M.; Kobayashi, Yayoi; Isobe, Takeshi

doi:10.1016/j.trac.2019.02.011

Cited by 259 publications

(154 citation statements)

References 93 publications

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“…Recent analytical developments now also allow the use of suspect screening and non-targeted techniques for PFAS assessment. These evolving and promising techniques already have been used to explore complex mixtures and identify many unexpected PFAS, but sample preparation and data analysis procedures in many instances have yet to be standardized(Nakayama et al 2019).Analytical standards are also needed to accurately identify and quantify novel PFAS.Systematic monitoring programs should be implemented to routinely assess PFAS concentrations and the spatial extent of PFAS in multiple environmental matrices: soil, water, sediment, and biota. For example, in the United States, the National Water-Quality Assessment and the National Water Quality Network programs coordinated by the US Geological Survey monitor for contaminants and water quality across a network of surface monitoring stations and wells, respectively.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the Ecological Risks of Per‐ and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances: Current State‐of‐the Science and a Proposed Path Forward

Ankley

Cureton

Hoke

et al. 2020

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

213

150

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Per-and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) encompass a large, heterogenous group of chemicals of potential concern to human health and the environment. Based on information for a few relatively well understood PFAS such as perfluorooctane sulfonate and perfluorooctanoate, there is ample basis to suspect that at least a subset can be considered persistent, bioaccumulative, and/or toxic. However, data suitable for determining risks in either prospective or retrospective assessments are lacking for the majority of PFAS. In August 2019, the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry sponsored a workshop that focused on the state-of-the-science supporting risk assessment of PFAS. This paper summarizes discussions concerning ecotoxicology and ecological risks of PFAS. First, we summarize currently available information relevant to problem formulation/prioritization, exposure, and hazard/effects of PFAS in the context of regulatory and ecological risk assessment activities from around the world. We then describe critical gaps and uncertainties relative to ecological risk assessments for PFAS and propose approaches to address these needs. Recommendations include the development of more comprehensive monitoring programs to support exposure assessment, an emphasis on research to support the formulation of predictive models for bioaccumulation, and the development of in silico, in vitro, and in vivo methods to efficiently assess biological effects for potentially sensitive species/endpoints. Addressing needs associated with assessing the ecological risk of PFAS will require cross-disciplinary approaches that employ both conventional and new methods in an integrated, resource-effective manner.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the Ecological Risks of Per‐ and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances: Current State‐of‐the Science and a Proposed Path Forward

Ankley

Cureton

Hoke

et al. 2020

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

213

150

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Aqueous samples are typically analyzed for PFASs using liquid-liquid extraction, ion-pair extraction, or solid-phase extraction followed by HPLC-MS/MS or GC/MS [29]. In 2009, the USEPA released Method 537 for the analysis of 14 PFASs in drinking water using solid-phase extraction followed by Liquid Chromatography/Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) [30].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) and Perfluorooctane Sulfonic Acid (PFOS) in Drinking Water: A Comprehensive Review

Pontius

2019

Water

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Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) are receiving global attention due to their persistence in the environment through wastewater effluent discharges and past improper industrial waste disposal. They are resistant to biological degradation and if present in wastewater are discharged into the environment. The US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) issued drinking water Health Advisories for PFOA and PFOS at 70 ng/L each and for the sum of the two. The need for an enforceable primary drinking water regulation under the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) is currently being assessed. The USEPA faces stringent legal constraints and technical barriers to develop a primary drinking water regulation for PFOA and PFOS. This review synthesizes current knowledge providing a publicly available, comprehensive point of reference for researchers, water utilities, industry, and regulatory agencies to better understand and address cross-cutting issues associated with regulation of PFOA and PFOS contamination of drinking water.

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“…Surveying the existing literature concerning PFASs in environmental ambience of the last two decades, it is evident that reported cases of contamination have grown drastically, whereas new insights of PFAS degradation slowly progressed [ 48 ]. Both advanced oxidation and reduction defluorination processes (AOP, ARP) have been developed, utilizing different reaction conditions ranging from basic thermal treatments up to sophisticated photooxidation catalysts [ 62 , 76 ].…”

Section: Future Prospect—applicability In Remediationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PFAS exposure led to the contamination of drinking water systems [ 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 ], river and lake sediments [ 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 ], soils [ 38 , 39 , 40 ], crops [ 41 , 42 , 43 ] and animals [ 44 , 45 , 46 ], as shown by numerous investigations. Moreover, PFASs were detected in deep ocean water samples [ 47 ], in the atmosphere [ 48 ] as well as in the Arctic environment [ 49 ]. Human PFAS intake is caused by the exposure of treated consumables but can be mainly traced back to the human food chain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reductive Defluorination and Mechanochemical Decomposition of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs): From Present Knowledge to Future Remediation Concepts

Roesch

Vogel

Simon

2020

IJERPH

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Over the past two decades, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) have emerged as worldwide environmental contaminants, calling out for sophisticated treatment, decomposition and remediation strategies. In order to mineralize PFAS pollutants, the incineration of contaminated material is a state-of-the-art process, but more cost-effective and sustainable technologies are inevitable for the future. Within this review, various methods for the reductive defluorination of PFASs were inspected. In addition to this, the role of mechanochemistry is highlighted with regard to its major potential in reductive defluorination reactions and degradation of pollutants. In order to get a comprehensive understanding of the involved reactions, their mechanistic pathways are pointed out. Comparisons between existing PFAS decomposition reactions and reductive approaches are discussed in detail, regarding their applicability in possible remediation processes. This article provides a solid overview of the most recent research methods and offers guidelines for future research directions.

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Worldwide trends in tracing poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in the environment

Cited by 259 publications

References 93 publications

Assessing the Ecological Risks of Per‐ and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances: Current State‐of‐the Science and a Proposed Path Forward

Assessing the Ecological Risks of Per‐ and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances: Current State‐of‐the Science and a Proposed Path Forward

Regulation of Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) and Perfluorooctane Sulfonic Acid (PFOS) in Drinking Water: A Comprehensive Review

Reductive Defluorination and Mechanochemical Decomposition of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs): From Present Knowledge to Future Remediation Concepts

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