Worldwide pesticide usage and its impacts on ecosystem

Sharma, Anket; Kumar, Vinod; Shahzad, Babar; Tanveer, Mohsin; Sidhu, Gagan Preet Singh; Handa, Neha; Kohli, Sukhmeen Kaur; Yadav, Poonam; Bali, Aditi Shreeya; Parihar, Ripu Daman; Dar, Owias Iqbal; Singh, K. Chandramani; Jasrotia, Shivam; Bakshi, Palak; Ramakrishnan, M.; Kumar, Sandeep; Bhardwaj, Renu; Thukral, Ashwani Kumar

doi:10.1007/s42452-019-1485-1

Cited by 1,205 publications

(738 citation statements)

References 125 publications

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“…Weed control costs billions of US dollars worldwide; thus, optimization of the herbicide application is one of the key questions in agriculture and other related industries [47]. Use of herbicides is essential for limiting and eliminating various weed species but at the same time it possesses many problems and risks; thus, their application must be minimized to account for the desired economic and environmental impacts [48]. However, there are strict regulations worldwide for herbicide usage [49].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time-Dependent Effects of Bentazon Application on the Key Antioxidant Enzymes of Soybean and Common Ragweed

et al. 2020

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The presence or absence of light is one of the most significant environmental factors affecting plant growth and defence. Therefore, the selection of the most appropriate time of application may maximize the benefits of photosynthetic inhibitors. In this work, the concentration and daytime or night-time-dependent effects of bentazon were tested in soybean and common ragweed. The recommended dose (1440 g ha−1) and also half the recommended dose significantly reduced the maximum quantum yield (Fv/Fm) and increased H2O2 levels in common ragweed. Interestingly, bentazon did not change Fv/Fm in soybean. The activity of superoxide dismutase changed in a dose-dependent manner only in common ragweed. The activity of ascorbate peroxidase, catalase and glutathione S-transferase (GST), as well as the contents of ascorbate (AsA) and glutathione (GSH) did not change significantly in this plant species. In soybean, alterations in H2O2 levels were lower but GST and APX activity, as well as AsA and GSH levels were higher compared to common ragweed. At the same time, the rate of lipid peroxidation and ion leakage increased upon bentazon, and were higher in the light phase-treated leaves in the case of both plant species. These results can contribute to optimizing the effects and uses of herbicides in agriculture.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time-Dependent Effects of Bentazon Application on the Key Antioxidant Enzymes of Soybean and Common Ragweed

et al. 2020

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“…The increased public concern has caused policy and regulatory institutions to enforce a series of actions aiming at herbicide application reduction. However, herbicide use maintains a crucial role for the economic sustainability of agriculture in the foreseeable future [22,24]. This is confirmed by the global herbicide market size that is expected to reach overall market revenue of $8 billion by 2025, by growing at a compound annual growth rate of 4.8% during the forecast period (2020-2025) (https: //www.alliedmarketresearch.com/herbicides-market).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Spray Drift Generated in Vineyard during Under-Row Weed Control and Suckering: Evaluation of Direct and Indirect Drift-Reducing Techniques

et al. 2020

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The most widespread method for weed control and suckering in vineyards is under-row band herbicide application. It could be performed for weed control only (WC) or weed control and suckering (WSC) simultaneously. During herbicide application, spray drift is one of the most important environmental issues. The objective of this experimental work was to evaluate the performance of specific Spray Drift Reducing Techniques (SDRTs) used either for WC or WSC spray applications. Furthermore, spray drift reduction achieved by buffer zone adoption was investigated. All spray drift measurements were conducted according to ISO22866:2005 protocol. Sixteen configurations deriving from four nozzle types (two conventional and two air-induction—AI) combined with or without a semi-shielded boom at two different heights (0.25 m for WC and 0.50 m for WSC) were tested. A fully-shielded boom was also tested in combination with conventional nozzles at 0.25 m height for WC. Ground spray drift profiles were obtained, from which corresponding Drift Values (DVs) were calculated. Then, the related drift reduction was calculated based on ISO22369-1:2006. It was revealed that WC spray applications generate lower spray drift than WSC applications. In all cases, using AI nozzles and semi-shielded boom significantly reduced DVs; the optimum combination of SDRTs decreased spray drift by up to 78% and 95% for WC and WSC spray application, respectively. The fully-shielded boom allowed reducing nearly 100% of spray drift generation. Finally, the adoption of a cropped buffer zone that includes the two outermost vineyard rows lowered the total spray drift up to 97%. The first 90th percentile model for the spray drift generated during herbicide application in vineyards was also obtained.

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“…However, the excessive use of agrochemicals represents a significant hindrance in achieving global agriculture security as it poses a negative impact on human health and environmental wellbeing. During the last decade, the global annual agrochemical consumption was approximately 2 million tonnes, where China is the major consumer with 1.8 million tonnes/year, followed by the United States (USA) and Argentina with 500,000 and 236,000 tonnes/year, respectively, compared to only 49,199 tonnes/year used in Malaysia [3]. Moreover, the global usage of agrochemicals has been estimated to rise by 3.5 million tonnes in 2020 [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chitosan-Based Agronanochemicals as a Sustainable Alternative in Crop Protection

Maluin

2020

Molecules

149

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The rise in the World’s food demand in line with the increase of the global population has resulted in calls for more research on the production of sustainable food and sustainable agriculture. A natural biopolymer, chitosan, coupled with nanotechnology could offer a sustainable alternative to the use of conventional agrochemicals towards a safer agriculture industry. Here, we review the potential of chitosan-based agronanochemicals as a sustainable alternative in crop protection against pests, diseases as well as plant growth promoters. Such effort offers better alternatives: (1) the existing agricultural active ingredients can be encapsulated into chitosan nanocarriers for the formation of potent biocides against plant pathogens and pests; (2) the controlled release properties and high bioavailability of the nanoformulations help in minimizing the wastage and leaching of the agrochemicals’ active ingredients; (3) the small size, in the nanometer regime, enhances the penetration on the plant cell wall and cuticle, which in turn increases the argochemical uptake; (4) the encapsulation of agrochemicals in chitosan nanocarriers shields the toxic effect of the free agrochemicals on the plant, cells and DNA, thus, minimizing the negative impacts of agrochemical active ingredients on human health and environmental wellness. In addition, this article also briefly reviews the mechanism of action of chitosan against pathogens and the elicitations of plant immunity and defense response activities of chitosan-treated plants.

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Worldwide pesticide usage and its impacts on ecosystem

Cited by 1,205 publications

References 125 publications

Time-Dependent Effects of Bentazon Application on the Key Antioxidant Enzymes of Soybean and Common Ragweed

Time-Dependent Effects of Bentazon Application on the Key Antioxidant Enzymes of Soybean and Common Ragweed

Spray Drift Generated in Vineyard during Under-Row Weed Control and Suckering: Evaluation of Direct and Indirect Drift-Reducing Techniques

Chitosan-Based Agronanochemicals as a Sustainable Alternative in Crop Protection

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