Worldwide disparities in cardiovascular disease: Challenges and solutions

Okwuosa, Ike S.; Lewsey, Sabra C.; Adesiyun, Tolulope; Blumenthal, Roger S.; Yancy, Clyde W.

doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.08.172

Cited by 59 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 94 publications

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“…With the increasing pressure of life and mental stress, cardiovascular disease has become one of the important diseases that threaten human health, and the main cause of death is myocardial infarction (MI) [1]. In general, MI is mostly caused by persistent ischaemia and hypoxia in the coronary arteries, which leads to long-term insufficiency of blood supply to the heart [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long non-coding RNA DANCR alleviates hypoxia-caused H9c2 cells damage through up regulation of HIF-1α

Qiu

Zhao

Dai

et al. 2020

Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology

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Hypoxia is an important cause of myocardial cell loss, further inducing various heart illnesses, including acute myocardial infraction (AMI). Long non-coding RNA (LncRNA) discrimination antagonising non-protein coding RNA (DANCR) was firstly identified as epidermal cell differentiation suppressor. Here, we aimed to explore the effects and mechanism of DNACR in hypoxia-induced H9c2 cells. Hypoxic cells were made through 94% N 2 , 5% CO 2 , and 1% O 2 environment for 24 h. Cell viability and apoptosis were detected via methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) method and flow cytometry analysis, respectively. The expression of DANCR and HIF-1a was examined via qRT-PCR. The expression of proteins related to cell apoptosis and PI3K/AKT/mTOR and ERK1/2 signal pathways was examined through western blot analysis. We found that hypoxia induced obvious cell activity inhibition and apoptosis increasing in H9c2 cells. DANCR was negatively regulated under hypoxia condition. Overexpression of DANCR rescued activity and attenuated apoptosis. Moreover, the overexpression of DANCR elevated the activation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR and ERK1/2 pathways. Further study indicated that DANCR could up-regulate the expression of HIF-1a. Si-HIF-1a transfection could remove the beneficial effects of DANCR overexpression in hypoxia-caused H9c2 cells damage. In conclusion, DANCR alleviated hypoxia-caused H9c2 cells damage through positive regulation of HIF-1a.GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT ARTICLE HISTORY

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long non-coding RNA DANCR alleviates hypoxia-caused H9c2 cells damage through up regulation of HIF-1α

Qiu

Zhao

Dai

et al. 2020

Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology

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“…Acute myocardial infarction is a major cause of death worldwide (Hausenloy & Yellon, 2013;Okwuosa et al 2016). In patients with acute myocardial infarction, the treatment of choice for reducing acute myocardial ischaemic injury and limiting the infarct size is myocardial reperfusion (Honda et al 2014;Horvat & Vincelj, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Humanin prevents brain mitochondrial dysfunction in a cardiac ischaemia–reperfusion injury model

Kumfu

Charununtakorn

Jaiwongkam

et al. 2016

Experimental Physiology

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New Findings r What is the central question of this study?Myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury causes interference in the systemic circulation and damages not only the heart but also several vital organs, including the brain. Recently, a novel peptide called humanin has been shown to exert potent neuroprotective effects. However, the effect of humanin on the brain during cardiac I/R injury has not yet been investigated. r What is the main finding and its importance?The I/R injury caused blood-brain barrier breakdown, increased brain oxidative stress and resulted in mitochondrial dysfunction. Only the humanin treatment before ischaemia attenuated brain mitochondrial dysfunction, but it did not prevent blood-brain barrier breakdown or brain oxidative stress. Humanin treatment during ischaemia and in the reperfusion period provided no neuroprotection. These findings indicate that humanin exerted neuroprotection during cardiac I/R injury via improved brain mitochondrial function.Myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury causes interference in the systemic circulation and damages not only the heart but also several vital organs, including the brain. Nevertheless, limited information is available regarding the effect of cardiac I/R injury on the brain, including blood-brain barrier (BBB) breakdown, brain oxidative stress and mitochondrial function. Recently, a novel peptide called humanin has been shown to exert potent neuroprotective effects. However, the effect of humanin on the brain during cardiac I/R injury has not yet been investigated. Forty-two male Wistar rats were divided into the following two groups: an I/R group, which was subjected to a 30 min left anterior descending coronary artery occlusion followed by 120 min reperfusion (I/R group; n = 36); and a sham group (n = 6). The I/R group was divided into six subgroups. Each subgroup was given either vehicle or humanin analogue (84 μg kg −1 , i.v.) at three different time points, namely before ischaemia, during ischaemia or at the onset of reperfusion. At the end of the experimental protocol, animals were killed and the brains removed for determination of mitochondrial function, oxidative stress and Western blot analyses. The I/R injury caused BBB breakdown, increased brain oxidative stress and resulted in mitochondrial dysfunction. Only the humanin treatment before ischaemia attenuated brain mitochondrial dysfunction, but it did not prevent BBB breakdown or brain

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“…Persistent differences may be explained by factors such as cultural norms surrounding illness, language barriers and individual engagement with the healthcare system. 36,37 Regarding in-hospital treatment times, our finding of equivalent D2BT between migrants and Australian-born patients is reassuring and stands in contrast to studies from the United States, which demonstrate treatment delays for ethnic minorities. 8,9,11 Given the similarity of our findings to studies in countries with comparable healthcare systems, we believe this finding is likely a reflection on the equity of access that universal healthcare provides.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 40%

“…Over the past decade, the National Heart Foundation of Australia has undertaken sustained and ongoing public health campaigns targeting public awareness of cardiovascular symptoms, and these efforts have likely helped to minimise pre‐hospital delays and should be continued. Persistent differences may be explained by factors such as cultural norms surrounding illness, language barriers and individual engagement with the healthcare system …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ST‐elevation myocardial infarction in a migrant population: a registry‐based study of patient treatment and outcomes

Rye

Lee

Mukhtar

et al. 2019

Internal Medicine Journal

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Worldwide disparities in cardiovascular disease: Challenges and solutions

Cited by 59 publications

References 94 publications

Long non-coding RNA DANCR alleviates hypoxia-caused H9c2 cells damage through up regulation of HIF-1α

Long non-coding RNA DANCR alleviates hypoxia-caused H9c2 cells damage through up regulation of HIF-1α

Humanin prevents brain mitochondrial dysfunction in a cardiac ischaemia–reperfusion injury model

ST‐elevation myocardial infarction in a migrant population: a registry‐based study of patient treatment and outcomes

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