WorldKG: World-Scale Completion of Geographic Information

Abstract

Knowledge graphs provide standardized machine-readable representations of real-world entities and their relations. However, the coverage of geographic entities in popular general-purpose knowledge graphs, such as Wikidata and DBpedia, is limited. An essential source of the openly available information regarding geographic entities is OpenStreetMap (OSM). In contrast to knowledge graphs, OSM lacks a clear semantic representation of the rich geographic information it contains. The generation of semantic representations of OSM entities and their interlinking with knowledge graphs are inherently challenging due to OSM’s large, heterogeneous, ambiguous, and flat schema and annotation sparsity. This chapter discusses recent knowledge graph completion methods for geographic data, comprising entity linking and schema inference for geographic entities, to provide semantic geographic information in knowledge graphs. Furthermore, we present the WorldKG knowledge graph, lifting OSM entities into a semantic representation.