World-wide importance of phoma stem canker (Leptosphaeria maculans and L. biglobosa) on oilseed rape (Brassica napus)

Fitt, Bruce D.L.; Brun, Hortense; Barbetti, Martin J.; Rimmer, S. R.

doi:10.1007/1-4020-4525-5_1

Cited by 111 publications

(156 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Desm., is one of the most damaging diseases suffered by oilseed winter rape and it causes large yield losses (Jędryczka 2007). L. maculans is a hemibiotrophic pathogen with an initial necrotrophic stage characterized by toxin (sirodesmins) production and necrotic spot formation (Fitt et al 2006;Jindřichová et al 2011;Kachlicki & Jędryczka 1994;Rouxel & Balesdent 2005). The first symptoms of blackleg can be observed at the seedling stage during autumn, but the disease develops throughout all the growth stages of the plant (Gladders & Musa 1980).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Induction of defense mechanisms in seedlings of oilseed winter rape inoculated with Phoma lingam (Leptosphaeria maculans)

Hura

Bączek-Kwinta

et al. 2013

Phytoparasitica

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The aim of this study was to find the biochemical markers of blackleg, evoked by the fungus Leptosphaeria maculans in seedlings of oilseed winter rape. Analyses of antioxidant enzymes activity and reactive oxygen species detection were performed 24, 48 and 72 h after inoculation. Moreover, measurements of the total pool of phenolic compounds, transcinnamic acid and ferulic acid were carried out. The results proved the virulence of Ph L5 isolate towards the rape seedlings. An increase in total phenolic content, including trans-cinnamic acid, was observed 24 h after inoculation. High activity of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase is probably another symptom of the defense mechanisms, despite the fact that it was not accompanied by elevated phenolics level, which were probably rapidly exhausted during Phoma lingam inoculation. A drop in phenolics content was balanced by higher activity of SOD, CAT and non-specific peroxidases. Enhanced activity of these enzymes was a response to the reactive oxygen species overproduction. ROS accumulation in indirectly inoculated first true leaves after inoculation may suggest a systemic defense response.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Induction of defense mechanisms in seedlings of oilseed winter rape inoculated with Phoma lingam (Leptosphaeria maculans)

Hura

Bączek-Kwinta

et al. 2013

Phytoparasitica

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show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Considerable yield losses occur every year (Fitt et al 2006a). The disease is caused by two related pathogens: Leptosphaeria maculans and L. biglobosa (Fitt et al 2006a;Kaczmarek and Jedryczka 2011). In most cases, disease is initiated in the autumn by ascospores originating from fruiting bodies of the sexual stage, produced on oilseed rape stubble from previous seasons (Fitt et al 2006a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The disease is caused by two related pathogens: Leptosphaeria maculans and L. biglobosa (Fitt et al 2006a;Kaczmarek and Jedryczka 2011). In most cases, disease is initiated in the autumn by ascospores originating from fruiting bodies of the sexual stage, produced on oilseed rape stubble from previous seasons (Fitt et al 2006a). In Canada the dispersal of these pathogens is attributed to pycnidiospores, rather than ascospores (Guo and Fernando 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Monitoring blackleg (Leptosphaeria spp.) ascospore release timing and quantity enables optimal fungicide application to improved oilseed rape yield and seed quality

Brachaczek¹,

Kaczmarek

Jędryczka

2016

Eur J Plant Pathol

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Stem canker is a damaging disease of winter oilseed rape, caused by ascomycetous fungi Leptosphaeria maculans and L. biglobosa. The initial source of plant infection is ascospores, formed in pseudothecia on stubble from the previous growing season. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effectiveness of fungicide treatments at different times of application in the autumn on quality and quantity of seed yield, in relation to the concentration of ascospores of L. maculans and L. biglobosa in the air. Field experiments were done in Lower Silesia, the region of intensive oilseed rape cultivation, located in south-west Poland. We have demonstrated that, in case of high disease pressure, fungicide treatment against stem canker was most efficient when done 4-11 days after the highest concentration of pathogen ascospores in air. The seed yield, oil and protein content increased by 17.7-18.8 %, 1.60-1.72 % and 0.8-0.9 % respectively. In low disease pressure the optimal spray time was more flexible, but the highest yield was always following the maximum ascospore release. In some cases it also coincided with the increase of oil, without adverse effect on protein content. Furthermore, it coincided with the increase of indole glucosinolates, such as glucobrassicine and 4-hydroxyglucobrassicine, and -besides one studied year -it was also connected with decreased amounts of alkenyl glucosinolates. Both Leptosphaeria species were present in air and in infected plants during their vegetation. The ratio between both species depended on seasons; L. maculans prevailed on leaves in the autumn, whereas L. biglobosa dominated on stems before harvest.

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“…Fr.) Desmas, causing basal stem canker (Gabrielson 1983;Paul & Rowlinson 1992) and Leptospaeria biglobosa Shoemaker and Brun, which causes symptoms of cancer in the upper stem generally causing less damage, while serious damage occurs in countries with higher summer temperatures (Huang et al 2005;Fitt et al 2006). Both species can be found in Africa, Central and South America, and Asia (Anon.…”

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confidence: 99%

Molecular characterization and identification of fungi causing stern canker of oilseed rape in Serbia

Mitrović¹,

Marjanovic-Jeromel²,

Milovac³

et al. 2017

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World-wide importance of phoma stem canker (Leptosphaeria maculans and L. biglobosa) on oilseed rape (Brassica napus)

Cited by 111 publications

References 56 publications

Induction of defense mechanisms in seedlings of oilseed winter rape inoculated with Phoma lingam (Leptosphaeria maculans)

Induction of defense mechanisms in seedlings of oilseed winter rape inoculated with Phoma lingam (Leptosphaeria maculans)

Monitoring blackleg (Leptosphaeria spp.) ascospore release timing and quantity enables optimal fungicide application to improved oilseed rape yield and seed quality

Molecular characterization and identification of fungi causing stern canker of oilseed rape in Serbia

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