World Inequality in the Twenty‐First Century: Patterns and Tendencies

Korzeniewicz, Roberto Patricio; Moran, Timothy Patrick

doi:10.1002/9780470691939.ch29

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…Citizenship is also a legal status linking persons to nation-states supposedly entitling them to rights and protection under nation-states' laws. Different citizenships afford persons different levels of dignity, wellbeing, and opportunities however (Bashi Treitler and Boatcă, 2016;Boatcă, 2016;Brubaker, 2015;Korzeniewicz and Moran, 2009) constituting a multidimensional hierarchy of citizenship positions. Citizenship is a primarily ascriptive characteristic, as 96.7% of the world's people reside in their country of birth (International Organization for Migration, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nation-state citizenship (referred to here as just citizenship) is among the most consequential statuses influencing persons' global positions. 1 Citizenship is the mechanism through which persons experience economic inequality between countries (Korzeniewicz and Moran, 2009;Milanovic, 2010). According to one estimate, citizenship accounts for 60% of persons' economic fortunes on average 2 (Milanovic, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Citizenship as a caste marker: How persons experience cross-national inequality

Velitchkova

2021

Current Sociology

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Extrapolating a recent conceptualization of caste from India to the global level, this article argues that persons experience cross-national inequalities via their citizenship as a caste marker. Rather than imagine castes as features of the fixed pre-modern Hindu social order, the article posits that castes are variable modern ascriptive social hierarchies subject to contestation and change in which economic and social distinctions are maintained through physical and symbolic violence. The study shows how, globally, nation-states exert physical and symbolic violence to normalize cross-national inequalities instituting a global citizenship-based caste order. This approach recognizes the importance of both global material relations emphasized by world-systems approaches and of symbolic structures central to global institutionalist approaches. The study also underscores persons’ positions and experiences confronting nation-states’ might. Power struggles concentrated on nation-states result in variability of global relations’ mutually reinforcing material and symbolic dimensions. The author uses caste features that appear ‘essential’ (i.e. ascriptive social closure, ‘ethnic,’ ‘religious,’ and ‘purity’ distinctions) as heuristics for identifying possible locations of caste construction and contestation, and identifies citizenship rules, nation-states’ territorial nature, nationalism, and visa, border, and naturalization rituals as such caste development sites. Vulnerable groups (stateless persons, refugees, migrants) both challenge the citizenship caste order and experience viscerally its physical and symbolic violence.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Citizenship as a caste marker: How persons experience cross-national inequality

Velitchkova

2021

Current Sociology

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“…Some economists share the opinion that, in the last two centuries, international inequality described an inverted U curve, similar to that suggested by Simon Kuznets (1955Kuznets ( , 1963 in personal income distribution during the first wave of modern growth, and by Jeffrey G. Williamson (1965Williamson ( , 1991 in regional inequality among regions within the modernising nations (Milanovic 2016a). Not all scholars, however, subscribe to the downward global decline of inequality among nations (Almas Heshmati 2006; Roberto Patricio Korzeniewicz and Timothy Patrick Moran 2007;Sudhir Anand and Paul Segal 2008).…”

Section: Related Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in Mediterranean inequalities 1950-2015

Daniele

Malanima

2019

Panoeconomicus

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This article is aimed at analysing the trends of economic, social and institutional inequality among the Mediterranean countries in the period 1950- 2015. After the examination of the inequalities in GDP per capita among and within nations, we present a Human Development Index (HDI) that includes a measure of democratic achievements. Main result is that inequalities in income, after the rise from the 1950s onwards, declined from the start of the twenty-first century. Inequalities in HDI, instead, constantly diminished in the period under examination, while a process of democratization occurred. On the whole, despite the convergence among Mediterranean countries, economic inequalities are much deeper than those in social indicators.

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“…Their theoretical opponents ('critics'), however, view globalisation as related to the continuing salience or worsening of global inequality and extreme poverty (Boatcă 2015;Kiely 2007;Korzeniewicz & Moran 2007;Lere 2014;Milanovic 2016;Murshed 2004;Wade 2004). Critics, too, use empirical evidence to illustrate their argumentthat many developing countries are being increasingly marginalised and excluded from the globalised economic benefits that industrialised countries are enjoying.…”

Section: Globalisation Inequality and Povertymentioning

confidence: 99%

Proceed with Caution: Research Production and Uptake in Conflict-Affected Countries

Thiessen

Byrne²

2018

Journal of Peacebuilding & Development

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The effectiveness of (neo)liberal intervention in conflict zones remains ambiguous, with supportive and critical camps of scholars and practitioners embracing disparate viewpoints that are each propped up by rigorous empirical analysis. The consequences of this empirical ambiguity have deeply permeated international intervention organisations, who use these unsettled findings for decision- and policy-making. This article argues that the promotion of disparate intervention methodologies is entirely predictable given the existence of contested relationships between prominent underlying themes to the debates around peacebuilding and development intervention: globalisation, development aid, inequality, and poverty, and their roles in inciting or preventing violence. These contested relationships justify the cautious selection and interpretation of research findings by decision- and policy-makers. The concluding discussions explore the impact of biased research production and uptake processes that bolster self-interested intervention practices and outline several recommendations for better aligning evidence-based decision- and policy-making with the needs of conflict-affected populations.

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World Inequality in the Twenty‐First Century: Patterns and Tendencies

Cited by 11 publications

References 63 publications

Citizenship as a caste marker: How persons experience cross-national inequality

Citizenship as a caste marker: How persons experience cross-national inequality

Trends in Mediterranean inequalities 1950-2015

Proceed with Caution: Research Production and Uptake in Conflict-Affected Countries

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