World Association for the Advancement of Veterinary Parasitology (W.A.A.V.P.) guidelines for evaluating the efficacy of ectoparasiticides against biting lice, sucking lice and sheep keds on ruminants

Holdsworth, Pa; Vercruysse, Jozef; Rehbein, Steffen; Peter, R.J.; Letonja, T; Green, P

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2005.11.008

Cited by 31 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Parasitological investigations were performed weekly (d -1, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49, 56, and 63) by adding up all predilection site counts for each animal in a group. The efficacy (%) of ACYP was determined each day, in terms of percentage of louse reduction, using the Abbott's formula (Abbott, 1925) as proposed by Holdsworth et al (2006): efficacy = 100 × [(C -T)/C] in which T is the louse count on treated buffaloes and C is the louse count on control buffaloes.…”

Section: Parasitological Productive and Reproductive Investigationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of pour-on alphacypermethrin on feed intake, body condition score, milk yield, pregnancy rates, and calving-to-conception interval in buffaloes1,2

Bifulco¹,

Veneziano²,

Cimmino³

et al. 2015

Journal of Animal Science

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The aims of this study were to assess the efficacy of alphacypermethrin (ACYP) on pediculosis due to Haematopinus tuberculatus and to evaluate the influence of the treatment on productive and reproductive performance in buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) reared in an intensive system. The trial was performed on 56 pluriparous buffaloes at 86.8 ± 8.1 d in milk. The animals underwent individual louse count and were divided into 2 homogenous groups according to louse count, age, number of lactations, days in milk, live BW, BCS, pregnancy status, and milk yield. Group A (n = 28) was treated by a pour-on formulation of ACYP, and Group S (n = 28) was treated by pour-on saline solution. Individual louse counts were performed weekly on 10 buffaloes in each group. Feed intake was recorded daily and the total mixed ration, individual ingredients, and orts were analyzed to calculate DM ingestion. Individual milk yield was recorded daily and milk samples were analyzed at the beginning of the trial, after 4 wk, and at the end of the trial to assess milk composition. Individual BCS was also evaluated simultaneously. Finally, the animals underwent synchronization of ovulation starting 4 wk after treatment and the pregnancy rate and the calving-conception interval were evaluated. Data were analyzed by the Mann-Whitney test and ANOVA for repeated measures. The infestation was constant in Group S, whereas no lice were present in Group A throughout the study. Daily DMI was similar in the 2 groups (16.7 ± 0.4 vs. 16.3 ± 0.3 kg/d in Group A vs. Group S, respectively), although buffaloes in Group A showed higher (P < 0.05) BCS score at the end of the trial (7.39 ± 0.1 vs. 7.14 ± 0.1 in Group A vs. Group S, respectively). The average milk yield/buffalo was higher (P < 0.05) in Group A compared to Group S (10.58 ± 0.1 vs. 10.39 ± 0.1 kg in Group A vs. Group S, respectively) and this was mainly due to the higher milk production recorded in buffaloes at less than 75 d in milk (11.81 ± 0.1 vs. 11.45 ± 0.1 kg in Group A vs. Group S, respectively). Despite of a similar fertility rate (90.5 vs. 80.9% in Group A vs. Group S, respectively), a lower (P < 0.05) calving-conception interval was recorded in Group A compared to Group S (118 ± 16 vs. 177 ± 16 d in Group A vs. Group S, respectively). In addition to the pour-on treatment against pediculosis, productive and reproductive performance were also improved. This represents a significant improvement in dairy buffalo herd management.

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Section: Parasitological Productive and Reproductive Investigationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of pour-on alphacypermethrin on feed intake, body condition score, milk yield, pregnancy rates, and calving-to-conception interval in buffaloes1,2

Bifulco¹,

Veneziano²,

Cimmino³

et al. 2015

Journal of Animal Science

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“…All assessments were made by people blinded to the treatment for quantification of the deterrent properties over 7 d. The general design was based on the World Association for the Advancement of Veterinary Parasitology (WAAVP) guidelines ( Holdsworth et al. 2006 ) for assessing persistent activity of products for lice on cattle.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation of Infestation Deterrents Against Lice

Yoon

Ketzis²,

Andrewes

et al. 2015

J Med Entomol

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The human head louse is a cosmopolitan ectoparasite and frequently infests many people, particularly school-age children. Due to widespread pyrethroid resistance and the lack of efficient resistance management, there has been a considerable interest in the protection of uninfested people and prevention of reinfestation by disrupting lice transfer. In this study, two nonclinical model systems (in vitro and in vivo) were used to determine the efficacy of the infestation deterrents, Elimax lotion and Elimax shampoo, against human head lice or poultry chewing lice, respectively. With in vitro assessments, female head lice exhibited significantly higher avoidance responses to hair tufts treated with either of the test formulations, which led to significantly higher ovipositional avoidance when compared with female lice on control hair tufts. Additionally, both formulations were determined to be competent infestation deterrents in a competitive avoidance test in the presence of a known attractant (head louse feces extract). In in vivo assessments using a previously validated poultry model, Elimax shampoo was determined to be an efficacious deterrent against poultry chewing lice within Menopon spp. and Menacanthus spp.

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“…Both in-vivo and in-vitro e cacy trials were performed for Diazinon as per the protocols given by [20], while only in-vivo e cacy trial was conducted for Ivermectin as per [21]. Lice count was performed every 7 days for treatment and control groups and recorded starting from day 0 prior to treatment, days 7, 14, 21 and 28 according to [22]. 60% Diazinon contains an active ingredient of 600g/l Diazinon produced by Adamitulu pesticide processing share company, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.1% Ivermectin was manufactured by Bash Pharmaceutical Company, Khartoum, Sudan, and it was imported by Rang veterinary company, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.…”

Section: Experimental Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of Sheep Lice and Efficacy Evaluation of 60% Diazinon and 1% Ivermectin against Bovicola ovis in Sayint District, South Wollo, Ethiopia

Legesse

Hailemelekot

Tamrat

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background Sheep lice, caused by Bovicola ovis are very common in Ethiopia. It can result decreased production and reproduction, downgrading and rejection of skins in tannery industries. A cross-sectional and experimental study were conducted in Sayint District, South Wollo, Ethiopia which aims to determine the prevalence of sheep lice with the associated risk factors, identify the major sheep lice species and evaluate the efficacy of 60% Diazinon and 1% Ivermectin against Bovicola ovis. Study kebeles and animals were selected using purposive and multistage sampling techniques. Accordingly, a total of 232 sheep were sampled to estimate the prevalence of sheep lice. Fifteen sheep for in-vivo and 80 Bovicola ovis lice for in-vitro test were used for drug efficacy trial, by using completely randomized design. Results The overall prevalence of sheep lice in this study was 48%. Hair length (OR = 2, P = 0.00), body condition (OR = 1.9, P = 0.02), agro ecology (OR = 1.19, P = 0.00) and season (OR = 2, P = 0.01) were significantly (P < 0.05) associated with sheep lice infestation. The dominant sheep lice species in the study area were Bovicola ovis with prevalence of 83% and mixed infestation of 17% Bovicola ovis with Linognatus ovillus. In this study, the efficacy of 60% Diazinon and 1% Ivermectin against Bovicola ovis were 97% and 81%, respectively. Conclusion The overall prevalence of sheep lice infestation in the present study area was higher, in which Bovicola ovis was predominant and resistant against 1% Ivermectin. Therefore, tailor made intervention is required with a view to reducing the prevalence of sheep lice infestation and addressing drug resistance in the study area.

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World Association for the Advancement of Veterinary Parasitology (W.A.A.V.P.) guidelines for evaluating the efficacy of ectoparasiticides against biting lice, sucking lice and sheep keds on ruminants

Cited by 31 publications

References 9 publications

Effect of pour-on alphacypermethrin on feed intake, body condition score, milk yield, pregnancy rates, and calving-to-conception interval in buffaloes1,2

Effect of pour-on alphacypermethrin on feed intake, body condition score, milk yield, pregnancy rates, and calving-to-conception interval in buffaloes1,2

In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation of Infestation Deterrents Against Lice

Epidemiology of Sheep Lice and Efficacy Evaluation of 60% Diazinon and 1% Ivermectin against Bovicola ovis in Sayint District, South Wollo, Ethiopia

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