Workshop on "The 1886 Charleston, South Carolina, earthquake and its implications for today"

Hays, Walter W.; Gori, P.L.

doi:10.3133/ofr83843

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…The source of the earthquakes in the Charleston area remains unknown, and seismotectonic hypotheses are widely disparate, despite many geologic, geophysical, and seismic studies during the past decade. No faults or fault systems have been identified that adequately explain the large 1886 Charleston earthquake or the other smaller, historic earthquakes that have occurred throughout much of South Carolina (Hays and Gori, 1983;Dewey, 1985;Science News, 1986). Because direct evidence of seismotectonic conditions is lacking and because the historic earthquake record is too limited to provide a dependable basis for estimating the frequency of moderate to strong earthquakes, we undertook a search for pre-1886 sand blows.…”

Section: Coastal South Carolinamentioning

confidence: 99%

Earthquake-induced liquefaction features in the coastal setting of South Carolina and in the fluvial setting of the New Madrid seismic zone

Obermeier¹,

Jacobson²,

Smoot³

et al. 1990

Professional Paper

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Many types of liquefaction-related features (sand blows, fissures, lateral spreads, dikes, and sills) have been induced by earthquakes in coastal South Carolina and in the New Madrid seismic zone in the Central United States. In addition, abundant features of unknown and nonseismic origin are present. Geologic criteria for interpreting an earthquake origin in these areas are illustrated in practical applications; these criteria can be used to determine the origin of liquefaction features in many other geographic and geologic settings. In both coastal South Carolina and the New Madrid seismic zone, the earthquake-induced liquefaction features generally originated in clean sand deposits that contain no or few intercalated silt-or clay-rich strata. The local geologic setting is a major influence on both development and surface expression of sand blows. Major factors controlling sand-blow formation include the thickness and physical properties of the deposits above the source sands, and these relationships are illustrated by comparing sand blows found in coastal South Carolina (in marine deposits) with sand blows found in the New Madrid seismic zone (in fluvial deposits). In coastal South Carolina, the surface stratum is typically a thin (about 1 m) soil that is weakly cemented with humate, and the sand blows are expressed as craters surrounded by a thin sheet of sand; in the New Madrid seismic zone the surface stratum generally is a clay-rich deposit ranging in thickness from 2 to 10 m, in which case sand blows characteristically are expressed as sand mounded above the original ground surface. Recognition of the various features described in this paper, and identification of the most probable origin for each, provides a set of important tools for understanding paleoseismicity in areas such as the Central and Eastern United States where faults are not exposed for study and strong seismic activity is infrequent.

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Section: Coastal South Carolinamentioning

confidence: 99%

Earthquake-induced liquefaction features in the coastal setting of South Carolina and in the fluvial setting of the New Madrid seismic zone

Obermeier¹,

Jacobson²,

Smoot³

et al. 1990

Professional Paper

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“…Graph showing earthquake magnitude, slip rate, and recurrence Interval of active fault zones throughout the world (from Slemmons, 1977) In some cases, determination of the activity rate of a fault is very difficult because the fault is not exposed at the surface. An example of this case is the 1886 Charleston, South Carolina earthquake; the causative fault for this earthquake has still not been identified unequivocally (Hays and Gori, 1983).…”

Section: Normal-slip Faultmentioning

confidence: 99%

A workshop on Reducing potential losses from earthquake hazards in Puerto Rico

Gori¹

1985

Open-File Report

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“…To study site effects, researchers have used direct observations either from strong motion networks (Kawashima et al, 1986) or seismic experiments (Taber and Smith, 1992), and numerical modelling (Ma, 2004;Benites and Olsen, 2005). For generalities, the reader is referred to Hays and Gori (1983).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling ground motion in the Hutt Valley, New Zealand

Qin

Savage

2007

BNZSEE

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The Hutt Valley is an alluvial basin that hosts the city of Lower Hutt, in the North Island, New Zealand. The basin is bounded by the Wellington Fault on its northwest side, and exhibits ground motion amplification factors up to about 15, measured by several seismic experiments using weak motion and portable seismic arrays during 1990-1991. Synthetic seismograms computed by using local 1D stratigraphic models under each station reproduce qualitatively the amplitudes and durations of the corresponding observed seismograms at most of the soft site stations of the arrays. Amplification factors estimated from spectral ratios of the synthetic seismograms are up to about 9. The authors present comparisons of amplification between synthetics and observations, allowing a “calibration” of the model so that it could be used to determine more realistic ground amplifications for earthquake scenarios.

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Workshop on "The 1886 Charleston, South Carolina, earthquake and its implications for today"

Cited by 10 publications

References 64 publications

Earthquake-induced liquefaction features in the coastal setting of South Carolina and in the fluvial setting of the New Madrid seismic zone

Earthquake-induced liquefaction features in the coastal setting of South Carolina and in the fluvial setting of the New Madrid seismic zone

A workshop on Reducing potential losses from earthquake hazards in Puerto Rico

Modelling ground motion in the Hutt Valley, New Zealand

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