Workplace Violence against Female Nurses in Menoufia Governorate, Egypt: an Epidemiological Study

Abstract

Background: Workplace violence (WPV) against nurses becomes a global problem with negative sequel on healthcare providers. Objectives: to evaluate the prevalence of WPV against Egyptian female nurses and to determine its sociodemographic and occupational risk factors. Methods: This crosssectional study was performed at different level hospitals in Menoufia governorate, Egypt. A total of 1023 nurses were included, with response rate (94.82%): Nine hundred and seventy nurses. They worked on primary (n=120), secondary (n=380) and tertiary (n=470) level of hospitals. Predesigned data collection sheet was prepared to record WPV and its risk factors. Results: The prevalence of WPV was estimated to affect 71.24% of the studied nurses. They were exposed to verbal, physical, or sexual assault during their professional career (60.31%, 8.66% and 14.12%; respectively). Also, significant association between the public or tertiary hospital where the participants worked and WPV was found (85.38% and 52.96%; respectively). Risk factors for WPV included working in Emergency department, night shift workers, younger nurses, and work experience less than 15 years. Perpetrators of violence were in decreasing order of frequency patients' relatives (68.88%), patients (40.38%) followed by the head of the work (29.38%) and finally colleagues (18.09%). Conclusion: Increased WPV against female nurses become tragic in healthcare settings. Ultimate implementation of protective interventions and behavioral education sessions of nurses is needed.

Workplace Violence Against Physicians: An Online Cross-Sectional Study

“…Most of the violent events were committed by visitors/patients' relatives (68.4%) (Table 1) and this agreed with the finding of other studies (Abdel-Salam, 2014; Abou-ElWafa et al, 2015; Abdellah and Salama, 2017; Gabr et al, 2021;Ghareeb et al, 2021). This can be attributed to the strong family and social bonds which characterize the Egyptian population.…”

“…In Egypt, many studies were conducted to identify the incidence, pattern, and predictors of workplace violence against HCWs ( Gabr et al, 2021). Due to its great effects on the HCWs and the healthcare system as a whole, this phenomenon needs to be continuously monitored to identify its trend and if there are any additional risk factors involved in violence occurrence.…”

Workplace violence at emergency departments, Ain Shams University Hospitals, Cairo, Egypt

“…The participants of the present study reported a greater frequency of violence during night shifts. Similar findings were reported by Gabr et al [ 17 ] who found nurses in Menoufia governorate hospitals were exposed to a higher frequency of WPV during night shifts compared to day shifts. These findings also corroborate a previous study by D’Ettorre et al .…”

“…The present study found sexual violence was the next most common form of violence at the EDs of ASUH (48.1%). The prevalence of sexual violence in the EDs of other governorates has previously been reported as 30.9% at the Emergency Hospital of Mansoura University [ 15 ]; 58.1% at Sohag University Hospital [ 16 ]; and 14.12% in Menoufia governorate hospitals [ 17 ]. The prevalence of sexual violence to nurses was reported as 70.2% at Tanta University Hospital [ 18 ].…”

Prevalence and predictors of workplace violence against nurses in Africa: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

“…The participants were recruited across 162 (numbers ranging from 1 to 23) health facilities. The studies were conducted in 10 different countries, with majority conducted in Ethiopia ( n = 8), 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 followed by Egypt ( n = 7), 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 South Africa ( n = 3), 35 , 36 , 37 Ghana ( n = 2), 38 , 39 Nigeria ( n = 2), 40 , 41 and 1 each from Gambia, 42 Malawi, 43 Kenya, 44 Rwanda, 45 and Tanzania. 46 The quality of the studies ranged from 3 to 9, with majority ( n = 16) having low risk of bias (Table S2 ).…”