Working Time Around the World

Lee, Sangheon; McCann, Deirdre; Messenger, Jon C.

doi:10.4324/9780203945216

Cited by 71 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…However, research on the health effects of overworking has been inconclusive because many studies did not control for potential confounders 38 ) . Our study found that taxi drivers work substantially longer hours than the national average in Thailand (77.5 vs 50.1 hours/week) 30 ) . While working hours were not directly associated with HCT levels in the current study, it is statistically arguable the effect on working hours because majority of the participants worked substantially longer hours and we classified into two levels according to median.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 46%

Hematocrit levels as cardiovascular risk among taxi drivers in Bangkok, Thailand

2016

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In Thailand, taxi drivers employed in the informal sector often experience hazardous working conditions. Previous studies revealed that elevated Hematocrit (HCT) is a predictor of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. This study assessed factors associated with HCT in taxi drivers to predict their occupational CVD risk factors. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 298 male taxi drivers who joined a health check-up campaign in Bangkok, Thailand. HCT and body mass index were retrieved from participant health check-up files. Self-administered questionnaires assessed demographics, driving mileage, working hours, and lifestyle. Statistical associations were analyzed using stepwise linear regression. Our results showed that obesity (p=0.007), daily alcohol drinking (p=0.003), and current or past smoking (p=0.016) were associated with higher HCT levels. While working hours were not directly associated with HCT levels in the current study, the effect on overworking is statistically arguable because most participants worked substantially longer hours. Our findings suggest that taxi drivers’ CVD risk may be increased by their unhealthy work styles. Initiatives to improve general working conditions for taxi drivers should take into account health promotion and CVD prevention. The policy of providing periodic health check-ups is important to make workers in the informal sector aware of their health status.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 46%

Hematocrit levels as cardiovascular risk among taxi drivers in Bangkok, Thailand

2016

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“…Furthermore, if the working hours are reduced, the biggest concern might be the effect of the labor cost on productivity. In practice, it is difficult to reduce wages simply due to shortening of working hours by labor law (Lee et al, 2007;Blyton et al, 2017). To improve competitiveness by improving employee productivity, it is suggested that firms should make substantial efforts to improve the performance management system by having flexible working hours and a flexible working system, and by trying to improve labor culture.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As the size of the firm increases, the reduction of working hours may not have any effect on job creation, or it might have a negative effect, for the following reasons. First, according to the Samsung Economic Research Institute, it was suggested that wages would increase by 14.4% because of the increase in hourly wages and overtime hours if the workers worked as long as actual working hours without wage cuts (Lee, McCann, & Messenger, 2007;Lee & Kim, 2010). Therefore, the increase in real wages per hour and the extra wages for overtime will increase the cost burden, which would weaken the competitiveness of enterprises and decrease employment.…”

Section: Literature Review Theoretical Background and Hypothesesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Working hours reduction, financial constraints, and employment: evidence from Korean firms

Ahn

2018

Problems and Perspectives in Management

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This study analyzes the effect of reducing working time to a 40-hour week standard on employment, using the data of 1,961 publicly traded firms in Korea. The objective of the study is to empirically estimate the economy-wide effect of this working hours reduction on employment in Korea. This paper also attempts to uncover the effect of financial constraints, defined as the degree of accessibility to finance, on employment stability or sustainability. Some economic theories suggest that financial constraints have mixed or conflicting effects on employment. Building on labor and finance literature such as Garmaise (2007), easing financial constraints helps firms to optimally substitute capital for labor, thereby decreasing employment. Likewise, financially constrained firms are limited by the availability of internal funds, and a decrease in the external financing cost will increase firm-level human resource investment, such as employment. Using a longitudinal data on publicly listed companies in Korea, the author examines variations in the timing of implementing the working hours reduction in terms of establishment size to see if the effect of working hours reduction on employment differs with the degree of financial constraints of firms. This paper finds that the economy-wide effect on employment of work-hours reduction is positive, approximately 3.5% increase in employment. The results, however, show that there is no effect of the working hours reduction on employment in less financially constrained firms or larger corporations, whereas a substantial positive effect on employment is in smaller firms or financially constrained firms, supporting the Garmaise’s prediction.

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“…Therefore, in this calculation the opportunity cost of time was assumed to be 47% of the market wage rate based on the estimates of Scarborough (2013 &. According to HMGN (1992) and ILO (2007), the standard amount of working hours per week is 48 and per day working hour is 8 hours with 1 day rest in a week. In addition, market wage rate of Nawalparasi district of the year 2016 was NRs 440.…”

Section: Forest Incomementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Altogether 37.69% of the respondents were illiterate and 10.77 % respondents only had the access to the "upper level" schools and colleges. In addition, according to the age categorized by Mehta and Heinen (2001), younger (16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35), middle-aged (36)(37)(38)(39)(40)(41)(42)(43)(44)(45)(46)(47)(48)(49)(50)(51)(52)(53)(54)(55), and older ( ≤ 56): 27.69, 44.62 and 27.69 % of the respondents were younger, middle-aged and older respectively. The main wildlife raiding the agriculture crop were one-horned rhinoceros, forest cow and wild boar.…”

Section: Demographic and Socioeconomic Characteristics Of Householdsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Household Dependency on Buffer Zone Community Forest and its Implication for Management of Chitwan National Park, Nepal

Bhandari¹,

Zhou²

2017

ijSciences

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Conservation of biodiversity in Protected Areas will be more challenging if local communities are heavily dependent on them for various forest products and subsistence needs. Thus this study sought to identify the demographic and socioeconomic variable that influence forest dependency exploring the relationship of forest dependency and household characteristics of the households of the Panbari Buffer Zone Community Forest User Group of Chitwan National Park, Nepal. A sample of 130 households was randomly selected for the household survey using stratified random sampling and collected was analyzed using logistic regression model. Logistic regression result indicate that wealth status of the poor household, household family size, livestock population, agricultural income and education are the five major determinants of forest dependency in Panbari Buffer Zone Community Forest. Policy interventions to ensure long-term success of landscape-level conservation of Chitwan National Park are needed to decrease dependence on forest resources expanding educational and training opportunities; and the policy measures that aim at increasing agriculture income, generating off-farm employment opportunities, supply of the alternatives of fuel wood energy and adopting agrisilvicultural system for the supply of fodder for the livestock.

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Working Time Around the World

Cited by 71 publications

References 19 publications

Hematocrit levels as cardiovascular risk among taxi drivers in Bangkok, Thailand

Hematocrit levels as cardiovascular risk among taxi drivers in Bangkok, Thailand

Working hours reduction, financial constraints, and employment: evidence from Korean firms

Household Dependency on Buffer Zone Community Forest and its Implication for Management of Chitwan National Park, Nepal

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