Working memory operates over the same representations as attention

Chen, Ke; Ye, Yanyan; Xie, Jiushu; Xia, Tiansheng; Mo, Lei

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0179382

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…However, another explanation is that working memory can conversely influence visual attention. Despite these apparently contradictory hypotheses, it can be concluded that there is an intimate linkage or even certain overlapping between attention and working memory (Chen, Ye, Xie, Xia, & Mo, 2017). Our data support the link between these cognitive domains due to the fact that IPV perpetrators presented both attention and working memory impairments.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Can Attention and Working Memory Impairments of Intimate Partner Perpetrators Explain Their Risky Decision Making?

Romero‐Martínez

Lila

Vitoria-Estruch

2018

J Interpers Violence

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Intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetrators commonly exhibit deficits in a wide range of cognitive domains, such as attention, memory, and executive functions. Executive dysfunctions tend to be related to a preference for disadvantageous decisions, which could be explained by a pattern of focusing on positive outcomes (gains) while disregarding negative ones. Nonetheless, it is less clear whether risk-taking and decision-making problems should be attributed to motivational and/or emotional causes or to cognitive deficits in attention and/or working memory. The main goal of the present study was to examine whether IPV perpetrators can be distinguished from non-violent controls based on their performance on attention, working memory, and decision-making tests from a computerized battery of tests. In addition, this study investigated the potential relationship between attention and working memory impairments in the decision-making abilities of IPV perpetrators. Our data indicated that IPV perpetrators perform worse than controls on measures of attention and sustained attention, processing speed, working memory, spatial span, and decision making. Moreover, IPV perpetrators’ preference for disadvantageous and risky decisions could be partially explained by attention and working memory impairments. Our study has enabled us to explore the cognitive deficits underlying IPV perpetration as key factors in reducing IPV risky decisions. Moreover, it reinforces the need to develop specific neuropsychological training in the attention-switching ability in general and working memory, which could lead to improvements in decision-making processes or other executive functions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Can Attention and Working Memory Impairments of Intimate Partner Perpetrators Explain Their Risky Decision Making?

Romero‐Martínez

Lila

Vitoria-Estruch

2018

J Interpers Violence

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“…The working memory Stroop effect is a robust and reliable congruency effect on color-naming performance, which has been well established by previous studies using the working memory Stroop task (Chen et al 2017;Kiyonaga & Egner 2014;Pan et al 2019;Wang et al 2021). However, it remains unclear what exact cognitive mechanisms drive the working memory Stroop effect.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Revisiting congruency effects in the working memory Stroop task

Pan

Zhang

et al. 2022

Atten Percept Psychophys

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The working memory Stroop task is to name the color of a rectangular patch with keypress while holding a color word in working memory. Previous studies using this variant of the Stroop task have shown that congruency between the color patch and the color word significantly affects both color naming and working memory, with the worsening of task performance when the color patch is semantically incongruent rather than congruent with the color word. However, it remains unclear with regard to cognitive mechanisms underlying such congruency effects in the working memory Stroop task. By including a control condition among the congruent and incongruent conditions in a working memory Stroop task, the present study showed that nearly all of the working memory Stroop effect can be facilitation, and that interference, if present, is markedly smaller than facilitation in this form of the Stroop effect. There was also a critical contrast between the working memory and classic Stroop effects in terms of facilitation and interference, with larger facilitation and smaller interference in the working memory Stroop effect than in the classic Stroop effect. Moreover, working memory for a color word can be either facilitated or interfered with by the perceptual judgment (color naming) of an interposed color patch during the retention interval, depending on whether the color patch is semantically congruent or incongruent with the color word. Together, these results suggest that both facilitation and interference mechanisms can contribute to the overall congruency effects in the working memory Stroop task.

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“…In other words, the internal maintenance of the first number's relevant and irrelevant magnitudes in working memory per se would not reduce the size congruity effect in a numerical Stroop task, as compared to when such magnitudes are externally perceived without working memory processing (i.e., in the simultaneous presentation mode). This claim is grounded on previous research indicating that the magnitude of the Stroop effect driven by working memory maintenance is comparable to that of the classic Stroop effect (e.g., Chen et al, 2017;Kiyonaga & Egner, 2014;Pan et al, 2019). According to such studies, it would have predicted that the size congruity effect in a numerical Stroop task should be of equivalent magnitude for the sequential presentation mode (i.e., the working memory numerical Stroop task) and the simultaneous presentation mode (i.e., the classic numerical Stroop task).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Spatial attention shifts contribute to the size congruity effect

Wang

Pan

2021

Atten Percept Psychophys

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The size congruity effect in a numerical Stroop task shows that magnitude judgments of two numbers are faster and more accurate when the numerically larger number also appears in a physically larger size, indicating the interaction between numerical and physical magnitudes. It has recently been suggested that spatial shifts of attention between the two numbers may contribute to the size congruity effect. However, a complete line of evidence for the attentional attribution to the size congruity effect remains to be established. Therefore, the present study aimed to provide further demonstrations for the idea that spatial shifts of attention contribute to the size congruity effect during magnitude judgments regarding either the numerical or physical dimension of two numbers. Participants were sequentially or simultaneously presented with a pair of single-digit Arabic numbers whose numerical and physical magnitudes varied independently. They were instructed to perform a magnitude judgment regarding the numerical value or physical size of the paired numbers. Across three experiments, we consistently found that the size congruity effect was reduced or eliminated when number pairs were presented sequentially compared to when they were presented simultaneously. Because in the sequential presentation mode the paired numbers were successively presented at central fixation and therefore spatial attention shifts should be completely precluded by the central presentation of number stimuli, the present findings support the notion that spatial shifts of attention between numbers in the simultaneous presentation mode play an important role in generating the size congruity effect for both numerical and physical tasks.

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Working memory operates over the same representations as attention

Cited by 6 publications

References 35 publications

Can Attention and Working Memory Impairments of Intimate Partner Perpetrators Explain Their Risky Decision Making?

Can Attention and Working Memory Impairments of Intimate Partner Perpetrators Explain Their Risky Decision Making?

Revisiting congruency effects in the working memory Stroop task

Spatial attention shifts contribute to the size congruity effect

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