Working memory for visual features and conjunctions in schizophrenia.

Gold, James M.; Wilk, Christopher M.; McMahon, Robert P.; Boyer, Robert; Luck, Steven J.

doi:10.1037/0021-843x.112.1.61

Cited by 99 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 68 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The finding of improved behavioral performance in the change detection paradigm related to longer encoding is at odds with several studies, reporting that WM capacity is generally independent of encoding duration (e.g., Gold et al, 2003;Sperling, 1960;Vogel et al, 2001). Nevertheless, some studies also point to the close relation between perceptual complexity of items as measured by visual search rate and WM capacity (Alvarez and Cavanagh, 2004;Eng et al, 2005).…”

Section: The Interplay Of the Two Components Across The Lifespan Reflcontrasting

confidence: 50%

Lifespan age differences in working memory: A two-component framework

Sander

Lindenberger

Werkle‐Bergner

2012

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews

130

101

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

a b s t r a c tWe suggest that working memory (WM) performance can be conceptualized as the interplay of low-level feature binding processes and top-down control, relating to posterior and frontal brain regions and their interaction in a distributed neural network. We propose that due to age-differential trajectories of posterior and frontal brain regions top-down control processes are not fully mature until young adulthood and show marked decline with advancing age, whereas binding processes are relatively mature in children, but show senescent decline in older adults. A review of the literature spanning from middle childhood to old age shows that binding and top-down control processes undergo profound changes across the lifespan. We illustrate commonalities and dissimilarities between children, younger adults, and older adults reflecting the change in the two components' relative contribution to visual WM performance across the lifespan using results from our own lab. We conclude that an integrated account of visual WM lifespan changes combining research from behavioral neuroscience and cognitive psychology of child development as well as aging research opens avenues to advance our understanding of cognition in general.

show abstract

Section: The Interplay Of the Two Components Across The Lifespan Reflcontrasting

confidence: 50%

Lifespan age differences in working memory: A two-component framework

Sander

Lindenberger

Werkle‐Bergner

2012

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews

130

101

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Thus, the present findings extend to WM the observation that patients with schizophrenia experience difficulties binding content and spatial information in LTM (Rizzo et al, 1996). They are, however, at variance with those of Gold et al (2003) who examined the retention of visual color and orientation features alone or in conjunction using a paradigm based on that of Luck and Vogel (1997). Their results showed similar rates of correct detections in patients with schizophrenia and controls, leading to the suggestion of an intact ability to bind features in WM in these patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 35%

Impaired performance in a working memory binding task in patients with schizophrenia

Burglen

Marczewski

Mitchell

et al. 2004

Psychiatry Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study investigated feature binding in a working memory task in patients with schizophrenia and in normal controls. Twenty-five patients and 25 controls participated. On each trial, three drawings of familiar objects were presented sequentially, each in a different cell of a 3=3 grid. In different blocks of trials, participants remembered either individual features (object and location conditions) or an object and its location (combination condition). The results showed that patients were slower and less accurate than controls under all conditions. Accuracy of both groups was reduced in the combination condition relative to the single-feature conditions, but patients showed disproportionately poorer performance in the combination condition than in the object and location conditions. Thus, patients with schizophrenia exhibit deficits in working memory, particularly when the task requires binding objects to their locations. This finding demonstrates that processes that establish coherent and temporary episodic representations in working memory are impaired in schizophrenia. ᮊ

show abstract

“…In this model, imaging signal is maximal at or around the working memory capacity of each individual and decreases when subjects must process sub-or suprathreshold amounts of information, suggesting that each individual should be imaged while performing a working memory task at his or her own capacity [Manoach, 2003]. Although this approach may maximize imaging signal, it begs the question of why patients with schizophrenia tend to have lower working memory capacities than comparison subjects do [Gold et al, 2003]. Nonetheless, functional imaging studies comparing two or more groups of subjects need to carefully consider performance differences when interpreting results.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond hypofrontality: A quantitative meta‐analysis of functional neuroimaging studies of working memory in schizophrenia

Glahn

Ragland

Abramoff

et al. 2005

Human Brain Mapping

553

393

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract:Although there is considerable evidence that patients with schizophrenia fail to activate the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) to the degree seen in normal comparison subjects when performing working memory or executive tasks, hypofrontality may be coupled with relatively increased activity in other brain regions. However, most imaging studies of working memory in schizophrenia have focused on DLPFC activity. The goal of this work is to review functional neuroimaging studies that contrasted patients with schizophrenia and healthy comparison subjects during a prototypical working memory task, the n-back paradigm, to highlight areas of hyper-and hypoactivation in schizophrenia. We utilize a quantitative metaanalysis method to review 12 imaging studies where patients with schizophrenia were contrasted with healthy comparison subjects while performing the n-back paradigm. Although we find clear support for hypofrontality, we also document consistently increased activation in anterior cingulate and left frontal pole regions in patients with schizophrenia compared to that in controls. These data suggest that whereas reduced DLPFC activation is reported consistently in patients with schizophrenia relative to healthy subjects, abnormal activation patterns are not restricted to this region, raising questions as to whether the pathophysiological dysfunction in schizophrenia is specific to the DLPFC and about the relationship between impaired performance and aberrant activation patterns. The complex pattern of hyper-and hypoactivation consistently found across studies implies that rather than focusing on DLPFC dysregulation, researchers should consider the entire network of regions involved in a given task when making inferences about the biological mechanisms of schizophrenia. Hum Brain Mapp 25:60 -69, 2005.

show abstract

Working memory for visual features and conjunctions in schizophrenia.

Cited by 99 publications

References 68 publications

Lifespan age differences in working memory: A two-component framework

Lifespan age differences in working memory: A two-component framework

Impaired performance in a working memory binding task in patients with schizophrenia

Beyond hypofrontality: A quantitative meta‐analysis of functional neuroimaging studies of working memory in schizophrenia

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About