Working-memory endophenotype and dyslexia-associated genetic variant predict dyslexia phenotype

Männel, Claudia; Meyer, Lars; Wilcke, Arndt; Boltze, Johannes; Kirsten, Holger; Friederici, Angela D.

doi:10.1016/j.cortex.2015.06.029

Cited by 23 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 159 publications

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“…In concert, during speech perception proper, dyslexic subjects exhibit reduced bottom‐up synchronisation of gamma‐ (Lehongre et al ., , ), theta‐ (Lehongre et al ., ) and delta‐band oscillations (Hämäläinen et al ., ; Molinaro et al ., ). The dualism of decreased auditory‐cortical bottom‐up speech synchronisation and increased frontal top‐down delta‐band activity could reflect a potential compensatory top‐down mechanism for dyslexics’ underlying deficits in bottom‐up auditory perception (Goswami, ; Leong & Goswami, ) caused by a genetically predisposed lack of neuronal migration into those layers of the auditory cortices that subserve bottom‐up auditory perception (Humphreys et al ., ; Raschle et al ., ; Männel et al ., ).…”

Section: Neural Oscillations In Speech Processingmentioning

confidence: 97%

The neural oscillations of speech processing and language comprehension: state of the art and emerging mechanisms

Meyer

2017

Eur J of Neuroscience

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274

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Neural oscillations subserve a broad range of functions in speech processing and language comprehension. On the one hand, speech contains-somewhat-repetitive trains of air pressure bursts that occur at three dominant amplitude modulation frequencies, physically marking the linguistically meaningful progressions of phonemes, syllables and intonational phrase boundaries. To these acoustic events, neural oscillations of isomorphous operating frequencies are thought to synchronise, presumably resulting in an implicit temporal alignment of periods of neural excitability to linguistically meaningful spectral information on the three low-level linguistic description levels. On the other hand, speech is a carrier signal that codes for high-level linguistic meaning, such as syntactic structure and semantic information-which cannot be read from stimulus acoustics, but must be acquired during language acquisition and decoded for language comprehension. Neural oscillations subserve the processing of both syntactic structure and semantic information. Here, I synthesise a mapping from each linguistic processing domain to a unique set of subserving oscillatory mechanisms-the mapping is plausible given the role ascribed to different oscillatory mechanisms in different subfunctions of cortical information processing and faithful to the underlying electrophysiology. In sum, the present article provides an accessible and extensive review of the functional mechanisms that neural oscillations subserve in speech processing and language comprehension.

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Section: Neural Oscillations In Speech Processingmentioning

confidence: 97%

The neural oscillations of speech processing and language comprehension: state of the art and emerging mechanisms

Meyer

2017

Eur J of Neuroscience

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274

267

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“…Auditory STM has been studied in dyslexia (and other language‐related disorders) and in congenital amusia. Whereas a verbal STM deficit has been heavily documented in dyslexia and is considered a hallmark of this condition, musical STM in dyslexia has received little attention. One study systematically compared musical and verbal STM in musicians with and without dyslexia, revealing a general auditory STM impairment in dyslexic musicians .…”

Section: Selective Impairment Of Musical Short‐term Memory In Congenimentioning

confidence: 99%

Musical and verbal short‐term memory: insights from neurodevelopmental and neurological disorders

Caclin

Tillmann

2018

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

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Auditory short-term memory (STM) is a fundamental ability to make sense of auditory information as it unfolds over time. Whether separate STM systems exist for different types of auditory information (music and speech, in particular) is a matter of debate. The present paper reviews studies that have investigated both musical and verbal STM in healthy individuals and in participants with neurodevelopmental and neurological disorders. Overall, the results are in favor of only partly shared networks for musical and verbal STM. Evidence for a distinction in STM for the two materials stems from (1) behavioral studies in healthy participants, in particular from the comparison between nonmusicians and musicians; (2) behavioral studies in congenital amusia, where a selective pitch STM deficit is observed; and (3) studies in brain-damaged patients with cases of double dissociation. In this review we highlight the need for future studies comparing STM for the same perceptual dimension (e.g., pitch) in different materials (e.g., music and speech), as well as for studies aiming at a more insightful characterization of shared and distinct mechanisms for speech and music in the different components of STM, namely encoding, retention, and retrieval.

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“…Structural properties observed using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or activations observed with functional MRI (fMRI) have been used to produce such endophenotypes 5 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shared genetic aetiology between cognitive performance and brain activations in language and math tasks

Guen

Amalric

Pinel

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Corresponding authors' information:Emails: yann.leguen@cea.fr (YLG), vincent.frouin@cea.fr (VF) 2 Cognitive performance is highly heritable. However, little is known about common genetic influences on cognitive ability and brain activation when engaged in a cognitive task. The Human Connectome Project (HCP) offers a unique opportunity to study this shared genetic etiology with an extended pedigree of 785 individuals. To investigate this common genetic origin, we took advantage of the HCP dataset, which includes both language and mathematics activation tasks. Using the HCP multimodal parcellation, we identified areals in which interindividual functional MRI (fMRI) activation variance was significantly explained by genetics.Then, we performed bivariate genetic analyses between the neural activations and behavioral scores, corresponding to the fMRI task accuracies, fluid intelligence, working memory and language performance. We observed that several parts of the language network along the superior temporal sulcus, as well as the angular gyrus belonging to the math processing network, are significantly genetically correlated with these indicators of cognitive performance. This shared genetic etiology provides insights into the brain areas where the human-specific genetic repertoire is expressed. Studying the association of polygenic risk scores, using variants associated with human cognitive ability and brain activation, would provide an opportunity to better understand where these variants are influential.

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Working-memory endophenotype and dyslexia-associated genetic variant predict dyslexia phenotype

Cited by 23 publications

References 159 publications

The neural oscillations of speech processing and language comprehension: state of the art and emerging mechanisms

The neural oscillations of speech processing and language comprehension: state of the art and emerging mechanisms

Musical and verbal short‐term memory: insights from neurodevelopmental and neurological disorders

Shared genetic aetiology between cognitive performance and brain activations in language and math tasks

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