Working memory distortions of duration perception are modulated by attentional tags

Pan, Yi; Hou, Xiu

doi:10.1016/j.actpsy.2016.02.002

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…This competition is resolved partially by top-down control mechanisms that favor the stimuli matching the current behavioral goal. Given the findings of the distractor set in inattentional blindness (Horwood & Beanland, 2016; Most et al, 2001; but see Koivisto & Revonsuo, 2008), the roles of both distractor tags in working memory (Kuo & Chao, 2014; Pan & Hou, 2016) and the distractor set in priming (the present study), the distractor set may be another source of top-down control for competing distractors. Stilwell and Vecera (2020) suggested that in addition to the target template, learned distractor rejection plays an important role in target guidance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

“…Kuo and Chao (2014) found that when people held the information for upcoming distractors in their working memory, stimuli that matched the distractor information produced less working memory-driven attentional capture. Pan and Hou (2016) found that the perception of temporal duration for stimuli matching the distractor representations in working memory was shortened and that for stimuli matching the target representations in working memory was increased. These findings may reflect the operations of the distractor and the target set in working memory.…”

Section: Implications For Other-related Phenomenamentioning

confidence: 97%

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Attentional control and priming: The distractor set hypothesis.

Chao¹

2024

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cogni

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Repeating a single-prime stimulus as a target to respond to usually facilitates responses. However, sometimes, prime repetition slows the responses and produces the single-prime negative priming effect. In this study, the distractor set hypothesis was proposed as a mechanism of attentional control that can contribute toward single-prime negative priming. In Experiments 1a-1d, an integrated Stroop task was used. The results showed that the prime produced negative priming only when it matched the form of the competing distractors. A separate Stroop task was used in Experiments 2 and 3 and a flanker task was used in Experiments 4a and 4b. In both tasks, the results suggested that a prime produced negative priming when the location of the prime matched that of the distractors. In Experiment 5, alternative explanations including the effects of the prime-to-distractor similarity and the target set were examined. The results revealed that the distractor set, rather than the target set and the similarity between the prime and distractor, could better account for the negative priming effect.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Section: Implications For Other-related Phenomenamentioning

confidence: 97%

Attentional control and priming: The distractor set hypothesis.

Chao¹

2024

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cogni

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“…Important aspects of such interactions are the influences of the active maintenance of information in working memory on an intervening perceptual task (for a recent review, see Luo & Pan, 2015). Converging evidence has emerged suggesting that the content of working memory can guide perceptual selective attention (Downing, 2000;Olivers, Meijer, & Theeuwes, 2006;Pan & Soto, 2010;Pan, Xu, & Soto, 2009;Soto, Heinke, Humphreys, & Blanco, 2005), can enhance perceptual representation (Han, 2015;Pan, Cheng, & Luo, 2012;Pan, Luo, & Cheng, 2016;Soto & Humphreys, 2006;Soto, Wriglesworth, Bahrami-Balani, & Humphreys, 2010), and can alter perceptual experience (Kang, Hong, Blake, & Woodman, 2011;Pan & Hou, 2016;Saad & Silvanto, 2013;Scocchia, Cicchini, & Triesch, 2013). This line of evidence suggests that the active internal maintenance of information in working memory can exert powerful impacts on the processing of external perceptual stimuli.…”

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confidence: 99%

The color-word Stroop effect driven by working memory maintenance

Pan

Han

Zuo

2019

Atten Percept Psychophys

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Previous research has shown that holding a color word in working memory can produce interference effects in an intervening color-identification task, which mimics the classic color-word Stroop effect. Although this finding has previously been considered to suggest that the content of working memory can have behavioral consequences similar to those of externally perceived stimuli, it has remained unclear whether active internal maintenance of a color word indeed makes a critical contribution to the working memory Stroop effect. In the present study, we addressed this matter by asking participants to perform a coloridentification task following display of either a congruent or an incongruent color word. By controlling for encoding strategy and/or maintenance demand across Experiments 1-4, we consistently showed that the magnitude of the congruency effect in color-identification performance was markedly larger when the recently presented color word was actively retained in working memory, as compared to when the color word was perceptually identified without working memory processing, when the color word had once been remembered but was no longer being actively maintained in working memory, or when the color word was retro-cued to be irrelevant to the working memory task. The findings therefore demonstrate a critical role for active internal maintenance of a color word in producing the working memory Stroop effect. In addition, Experiment 5 further showed that the working memory Stroop effect was sustained over time during the retention interval. Moreover, we found that the intervening color-identification task conversely influenced working memory maintenance, leading to poorer memory performance on incongruent than on congruent trials. We discuss the implications of these findings for understanding the linkage between working memory and attention.

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