Working memory and the design of health materials: A cognitive factors perspective

Wilson, Elizabeth A.; Wolf, Michael S.

doi:10.1016/j.pec.2008.11.005

Cited by 166 publications

(120 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…This mechanism was found for both of the websites tested in the study. The underlying role of cognitive load has been suggested by multiple scholars (Von Wagner, Steptoe, et al, 2009;Wilson & Wolf, 2009), but to our knowledge this is the first time that its influence has been empirically tested. Our finding supports the applicability of the limited capacity model of motivated mediated message processing (Lang, 2006) and cognitive load theory (Sweller et al, 1998) to the domain of health literacy and information processing.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…To improve information processing among people with lower health literacy, the cognitive demands of health messages should be reduced, for example by using noncomplex texts Wilson & Wolf, 2009). Furthermore, this study emphasizes the importance of health messages that are easy to imagine, which might especially support people who might have difficulties with creating mental pictures themselves because of a lack of health-related knowledge.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This means that if reading a message and deriving meaning from its content (information encoding) require much cognitive capacity, there will be less capacity left for message storage and ultimately retrieval. Lower health literacy was found to be associated with greater effort in reading (Von Wagner, Semmler, et al, 2009), which could possibly increase people's risk of experiencing cognitive overload when processing health information (Wilson & Wolf, 2009). For people with higher health literacy, processing health information might require relatively less cognitive capacity (Chin et al, 2011).…”

Section: Cognitive Load Imagination Ease and Website Involvementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mediating roles of cognitive load, imagination ease, and involvement with the information are tested. These mechanisms have been suggested in the literature (Meppelink, Smit, Buurman, & Van Weert, 2015;Von Wagner, Semmler, Good, & Wardle, 2009;Wilson & Wolf, 2009) but have not, to our knowledge, been tested empirically or in combination. Through this testing, our article responds to the call for theory-driven studies on health literacy and e-health (Mackert, Champlin, Holton, Muñoz, This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License (http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, and is not altered, transformed, or built upon in any way.…”

mentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The mediating roles of cognitive load, imagination ease, and involvement with the information are tested. These mechanisms have been suggested in the literature (Meppelink, Smit, Buurman, & Van Weert, 2015;Von Wagner, Semmler, Good, & Wardle, 2009;Wilson & Wolf, 2009) but have not, to our knowledge, been tested empirically or in combination. Through this testing, our article responds to the call for theory-driven studies on health literacy and e-health (Mackert, Champlin, Holton, Muñoz, & Damásio, 2014) and adds to the body of European health literacy studies, which is currently limited (Barry, D'Eath, & Sixsmith, 2013).…”

mentioning

confidence: 94%

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Health Literacy and Online Health Information Processing: Unraveling the Underlying Mechanisms

Meppelink

Smit

Diviani

et al. 2016

Journal of Health Communication

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Health literacy and online health information processing: Unraveling the underlying mechanisms Meppelink, C.S.; Smit, E.G.; Diviani, N.; van Weert, J.C.M. General rightsIt is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), other than for strictly personal, individual use, unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). Disclaimer/Complaints regulationsIf you believe that digital publication of certain material infringes any of your rights or (privacy) interests, please let the Library know, stating your reasons. In case of a legitimate complaint, the Library will make the material inaccessible and/or remove it from the website. Please Ask the Library: http://uba.uva.nl/en/contact, or a letter to: Library of the University of Amsterdam, Secretariat, Singel 425, 1012 WP Amsterdam, The Netherlands. You will be contacted as soon as possible. The usefulness of the Internet as a health information source largely depends on the receiver's health literacy. This study investigates the mechanisms through which health literacy affects information recall and website attitudes. Using 2 independent surveys addressing different Dutch health websites (N = 423 and N = 395), we tested the mediating role of cognitive load, imagination ease, and website involvement. The results showed that the influence of health literacy on information recall and website attitudes was mediated by cognitive load and imagination ease but only marginally by website involvement. Thus, to improve recall and attitudes among people with lower health literacy, online health communication should consist of information that is not cognitively demanding and that is easy to imagine.The Internet is a powerful source of information that makes an unlimited amount of information available to everyone. In the United States 84% of adults use the Internet (Perrin & Duggan, 2015), and in The Netherlands 97% of the adult population has Internet access (Statistics Netherlands, 2014). Moreover, more than two thirds of the U.S. adult population currently owns a smartphone (Smith, 2015). Because nearly anything can be found online, this suggests that access to information no longer divides groups in society. Smartphones in particular are expected to decrease the digital divide created by the Internet, as they offer opportunities to reach population groups that were difficult to reach before (Fiordelli, Diviani, & Schulz, 2013). Equal physical access to the Internet, however, does not necessarily correspond to an equal ability to understand and use online information. For some population groups, finding, evaluating, and understanding information is more difficult than it is for others.Information is a valuable asset in many domains, including health. The extent to which people are able to benefit from online information largely depends on their level of health literacy, defined as the "ability to obtain, process, understand, and communicate about health-rel...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cognitive Load Imagination Ease and Website Involvementmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The mediating roles of cognitive load, imagination ease, and involvement with the information are tested. These mechanisms have been suggested in the literature (Meppelink, Smit, Buurman, & Van Weert, 2015;Von Wagner, Semmler, Good, & Wardle, 2009;Wilson & Wolf, 2009) but have not, to our knowledge, been tested empirically or in combination. Through this testing, our article responds to the call for theory-driven studies on health literacy and e-health (Mackert, Champlin, Holton, Muñoz, & Damásio, 2014) and adds to the body of European health literacy studies, which is currently limited (Barry, D'Eath, & Sixsmith, 2013).…”

mentioning

confidence: 94%

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Health Literacy and Online Health Information Processing: Unraveling the Underlying Mechanisms

Meppelink

Smit

Diviani

et al. 2016

Journal of Health Communication

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The Stanford Lightning Report Method: A comparison of rapid qualitative synthesis results across four implementation evaluations

Brown‐Johnson

Safaeinili

Zionts

et al. 2019

Learning Health Systems

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Background: Current evaluation methods are mismatched with the speed of health care innovation and needs of health care delivery partners. We introduce a qualitative approach called the lightning report method and its specific product-the "Lightning Report." We compare implementation evaluation results across four projects to explore report sensitivity and the potential depth and breadth of lightning report method findings.Methods: The lightning report method was refined over 2.5 years across four projects: team-based primary care, cancer center transformation, precision health in primary care, and a national life-sustaining decisions initiative. The novelty of the lightning report method is the application of Plus/Delta/Insight debriefing to dynamic implementation evaluation. This analytic structure captures Plus ("what works"),Delta ("what needs to be changed"), and Insights (participant or evaluator insights, ideas, and recommendations). We used structured coding based on implementation science barriers and facilitators outlined in the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) applied to 17 Lightning Reports from four projects.Results: Health care partners reported that Lighting Reports were valuable, easy to understand, and they implied reports supported "corrective action" for implementations. Comparative analysis revealed cross-project emphasis on the domains of Inner Setting and Intervention Characteristics, with themes of communication, resources/staffing, feedback/reflection, alignment with simultaneous interventions and traditional care, and team cohesion. In three of the four assessed projects, the largest proportion of coding was to the clinic-level domain of InnerSettingranging from 39% for the cancer center project to a high of 56% for the lifesustaining decisions project. Conclusions:The lightning report method can fill a gap in rapid qualitative approaches and is generalizable with consistent but flexible core methods.

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What is the quality of drug safety information for patients: An analysis of REMS educational materials

Chan

Russell

Smith

2018

Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug

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Currently approved REMS patient materials fell short in terms of recommended reading level, and over half did not meet recommended standards for actionability. Developers of these materials should apply plain language principles when design these materials to improve their readability and to assess both understandability and actionability in order to increase the effectiveness when distributed to patients.

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Working memory and the design of health materials: A cognitive factors perspective

Cited by 166 publications

References 33 publications

Health Literacy and Online Health Information Processing: Unraveling the Underlying Mechanisms

Health Literacy and Online Health Information Processing: Unraveling the Underlying Mechanisms

The Stanford Lightning Report Method: A comparison of rapid qualitative synthesis results across four implementation evaluations

What is the quality of drug safety information for patients: An analysis of REMS educational materials

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