Working memory and mental imagery in Cerebral Palsy: A single case investigation

Barca, Laura; Frascarelli, Flaminia; Pezzulo, Giovanni

doi:10.1080/13554794.2011.588183

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(24 reference statements)

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“…The study comparing motor imagery accuracy (hand rotation task) in children with congenital hemiplegia [ 35 ] showed that children with an RHL were a little slower and less accurate in a hand rotation task compared to those with an LHL and that this deficit was also correlated with the functional level as measured by the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales. Lastly, findings from a recent case study of a young boy with CP affecting the left side of his body provide evidence that children with CP have deficits in tasks involving visuospatial working memory and imagery ability [ 36 ] supporting the notion that visuospatial working memory is interconnected with the generation and maintenance of mental images [ 37 – 39 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Slowing of Motor Imagery after a Right Hemispheric Stroke

Malouin

Richards

Durand³

2012

Stroke Research and Treatment

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The temporal congruence between real and imagined movements is not always preserved after stroke. We investigated the dependence of temporal incongruence on the side of the hemispheric lesion and its link with working memory deficits. Thirty-seven persons with a chronic stroke after a right or left hemispheric lesion (RHL : n = 19; LHL : n = 18) and 32 age-matched healthy persons (CTL) were administered a motor imagery questionnaire, mental chronometry and working memory tests. In contrast to persons in the CTL group and LHL subgroup, persons with a RHL had longer movement times during the imagination than the physical execution of stepping movements on both sides, indicating a reduced ability to predict movement duration (temporal incongruence). While motor imagery vividness was good in both subgroups, the RHL group had greater visuospatial working memory deficits. The bilateral slowing of stepping movements in the RHL group indicates that temporal congruence during motor imagery is impaired after a right hemispheric stroke and is also associated with greater visuospatial working memory deficits. Findings emphasize the need to use mental chronometry to control for movement representation during motor imagery training and may indicate that mental practice through motor imagery will have limitations in patients with a right hemispheric stroke.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Slowing of Motor Imagery after a Right Hemispheric Stroke

Malouin

Richards

Durand³

2012

Stroke Research and Treatment

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“…Response time and accuracy measured the performance. The task has already been used to assess spatial memory in healthy adults (Iachini & Ruggiero, 2006;Ruotolo, van Der Ham, Iachini, & Postma, 2011;Ruotolo, van der Ham, Postma, Ruggiero, & Iachini, 2015), brain-damaged patients (Iachini et al, 2009b;Ruggiero et al, 2014), blind people (Iachini, Ruggiero, & Ruotolo, 2014b;Ruggiero et al, 2009Ruggiero et al, , 2012, children with Cerebral Palsy (Barca, Frascarelli, & Pezzulo, 2012;Barca, Pezzulo, & Castelli, 2010) and has proved its efficacy in inducing a specific involvement of spatial frames of reference. On the basis of the literature, we hypothesized a difficulty, in terms of lower accuracy and longer processing time, with both spatial judgments in younger children and older adults (Montefinese et al, 2014;Vasilyeva & Lourenco, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Development of egocentric and allocentric spatial representations from childhood to elderly age

Ruggiero

D’Errico

Iachini

2015

Psychological Research

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Spatial reference frames are fundamental to represent the position of objects or places. Although research has reported changes in spatial memory abilities during childhood and elderly age, no study has assessed reference frames processing during the entire lifespan using the same task. Here, we aimed at providing some preliminary data on the capacity to process reference frames in 283 healthy participants from 6 to 89 years of age. A spatial memory task requiring egocentric/allocentric verbal judgments about objects in peri-/extrapersonal space was used. The main goals were: (1) tracing a baseline of the normal process of development of these spatial components; (2) clarifying if reference frames are differently vulnerable to age-related effects. Results showed a symmetry between children of 6-7 years and older people of 80-89 years who were slower and less accurate than all other age groups. As regards processing time, age had a strong effect on the allocentric component, especially in extrapersonal space, with a longer time in 6- to 7-year-old children and 80- to 89-year-old adults. The egocentric component looked less affected by aging. Regarding the level of spatial ability (accuracy), the allocentric ability appeared less sensitive to age-related variations, whereas the egocentric ability progressively improved from 8 years and declined from 60 years. The symmetry in processing time and level of spatial ability is discussed in relation to the development of executive functions and to the structural and functional changes due to incomplete maturation (in youngest children) and deterioration (in oldest adults) of underlying cerebral areas.

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“…Our spatial task explicitly requires the encoding of distances (coordinate) or relations (categorical) with respect to the participant’s body (egocentric) or to an external object (allocentric). This kind of experimental paradigm has already been used to assess spatial memory in healthy adults (Iachini and Ruggiero 2006 ), brain damaged patients (Barca et al 2010 ; Ruggiero et al 2014 ), blind people (Ruggiero et al 2009a , 2012 ; Iachini et al 2014a ), children with cerebral palsy (Barca et al 2012 ), in a fMRI study (Committeri et al 2004 ), and has proved its efficacy in inducing a specific involvement of spatial frames of reference. In the current study, one group of participants was required to learn the position of three geometrical objects (“3D” condition), whereas another group learned the position of three 2-dimensional geometric figures (“2D” condition).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frames of reference and categorical/coordinate spatial relations in a “what was where” task

et al. 2016

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The aim of this study was to explore how people use egocentric (i.e., with respect to their body) and allocentric (i.e., with respect to another element in the environment) references in combination with coordinate (metric) or categorical (abstract) spatial information to identify a target element. Participants were asked to memorize triads of 3D objects or 2D figures, and immediately or after a delay of 5 s, they had to verbally indicate what was the object/figure: (1) closest/farthest to them (egocentric coordinate task); (2) on their right/left (egocentric categorical task); (3) closest/farthest to another object/figure (allocentric coordinate task); (4) on the right/left of another object/figure (allocentric categorical task). Results showed that the use of 2D figures favored categorical judgments over the coordinate ones with either an egocentric or an allocentric reference frame, whereas the use of 3D objects specifically favored egocentric coordinate judgments rather than the allocentric ones. Furthermore, egocentric judgments were more accurate than allocentric judgments when the response was Immediate rather than delayed and 3D objects rather than 2D figures were used. This pattern of results is discussed in the light of the functional roles attributed to the frames of reference and spatial relations by relevant theories of visuospatial processing.

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Working memory and mental imagery in Cerebral Palsy: A single case investigation

Cited by 11 publications

References 21 publications

Slowing of Motor Imagery after a Right Hemispheric Stroke

Slowing of Motor Imagery after a Right Hemispheric Stroke

Development of egocentric and allocentric spatial representations from childhood to elderly age

Frames of reference and categorical/coordinate spatial relations in a “what was where” task

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