Workflow for comparison of chemical and biological metrics of filter collected PM2.5

Roper, Courtney; Perez, Allison; Barrett, Damien; Hystad, Perry; Simonich, Staci L. Massey; Tanguay, Robyn L

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2020.117379

Cited by 9 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 52 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The estimated OP was then normalized to the time spent in each place, and samples collected at homes showed the highest OP, possibly related to higher black carbon concentrations indoor. Other studies evaluating total personal and indoor/outdoor exposure show that OP (mass normalized) was higher on personal monitoring [127,128]. These studies also show that the use of air cleaners can reduce the measured OP and ROS exposure in indoor environments (related to roadway emissions), but they do not significantly reduce overall personal exposure, that could be related to other daily activities [129,130].…”

Section: Op Environmental Monitoringmentioning

confidence: 74%

Airborne Aerosols and Human Health: Leapfrogging from Mass Concentration to Oxidative Potential

Molina

Manzano

et al. 2020

Atmosphere

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The mass concentration of atmospheric particulate matter (PM) has been systematically used in epidemiological studies as an indicator of exposure to air pollutants, connecting PM concentrations with a wide variety of human health effects. However, these effects can be hardly explained by using one single parameter, especially because PM is formed by a complex mixture of chemicals. Current research has shown that many of these adverse health effects can be derived from the oxidative stress caused by the deposition of PM in the lungs. The oxidative potential (OP) of the PM, related to the presence of transition metals and organic compounds that can induce the production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS), could be a parameter to evaluate these effects. Therefore, estimating the OP of atmospheric PM would allow us to evaluate and integrate the toxic potential of PM into a unique parameter, which is related to emission sources, size distribution and/or chemical composition. However, the association between PM and particle-induced toxicity is still largely unknown. In this commentary article, we analyze how this new paradigm could help to deal with some unanswered questions related to the impact of atmospheric PM over human health.

show abstract

Section: Op Environmental Monitoringmentioning

confidence: 74%

Airborne Aerosols and Human Health: Leapfrogging from Mass Concentration to Oxidative Potential

Molina

Manzano

et al. 2020

Atmosphere

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Each filter and control were sonicated (60 Hz, Branson Ultrasonics Corporation, Brookfield, CT) for 60 min in approximately 8 mL of methanol. Each filter was then removed from the tube and rinsed with additional methanol to collect any residual PM 2.5 remaining on the filter [21]. The resulting PM 2.5 solution was used for subsequent analyses and represents compounds that were methanol-soluble.…”

Section: Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A 96-well plate version of the DTT assay was used for all analyses as previously described [21] with minor modifications. Briefly, each PM 2.5 sample in methanol and controls ((a) blank filter, (b) vehicle (phosphate buffer), and (c) all reagents but the quenching reagent) underwent the DTT assay.…”

Section: Analysis Of Oxidative Potentialmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The tendency of a chemical species to oxidize a target molecule is known as its oxidative potential [19]. Analysis of oxidative potential has been conducted for a number of PM 2.5 studies using various assays including the dithiothreitol (DTT) assay [20,21]. Understanding the role of PM 2.5 composition and source contributions to oxidative potential is an area of growing interest particularly due to the recent hypothesis that oxidative potential and composition are more health relevant metrics of PM 2.5 than mass [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Seasonal Variation in the Chemical Composition and Oxidative Potential of PM2.5

et al. 2020

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) has well-established systemic human health effects due in part to the chemical components associated with these exposures. Oxidative stress is a hypothesized mechanism for the health effects associated with PM2.5 exposures. The oxidative potential of PM2.5 has recently been suggested as a metric that is more indicative of human health effects than the routinely measured PM2.5 concentration. The purpose of this study was to analyze and compare the oxidative potential and elemental composition of PM2.5 collected at two locations during different seasons. PM2.5 was collected onto PTFE-coated filters (n = 16) along two highways in central Oregon, USA in the Winter (January) and Summer (July/August). PM2.5 was extracted from each filter via sonication in methanol. An aliquot of the extraction solution was used to measure oxidative potential using the dithiothreitol (DTT) assay. An additional aliquot underwent analysis via inductively coupled plasma—mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) to quantify elements (n = 20). Differences in PM2.5 elemental composition were observed between locations and seasons as well as between days in the same season. Overall, concentrations were highest in the winter samples but the contribution to total PM2.5 mass was higher for elements in the summer. Notably, the oxidative potential (nM DTT consumed/µg PM2.5/min) differed between seasons with summer samples having nearly a two-fold increase when compared to the winter. Significant negative correlations that were observed between DTT consumption and several elements as well as with PM2.5 mass but these findings were dependent on if the data was normalized by PM2.5 mass. This research adds to the growing evidence and justification for investigating the oxidative potential and composition of PM2.5 while also highlighting the seasonal variability of these factors.

show abstract

“…The dithiothreitol (DTT) assay was employed to measure the generation of ROS and/or reactive intermediates formed by PAHs and TiO 2 –NPs, as well as to compare TiO 2 –NP and UVA irradiation-specific differences. The DTT assay was performed using a previously described method for measurement in 96-well plates, but with reaction volumes containing 4 μL of experimental sample (in the absence of larval zebrafish) . The rate of DTT consumption was determined via quantification of 5,5-dithio-bis-(2-nitrobenzoic acid) (DTNB or Ellman’s reagent) by absorbance readings (412 nm) with comparison to a linear regression of known DTT standards.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time-Related Alteration of Aqueous-Phase Anthracene and Phenanthrene Photoproducts in the Presence of TiO₂ Nanoparticles

Mary

Trine

Roper

et al. 2021

Environ. Sci. Technol.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles (NPs) are photoactive environmental pollutants that can contaminate aquatic environments. Aqueous-phase interactions between PAHs and TiO2–NPs are of interest due to their emerging environmental relevance, particularly with the deliberate application of TiO2–NPs to remediate pollution events (e.g., oil spills). Our objective was to investigate anthracene (ANT) and phenanthrene (PHE) photoproduct formation and transformation following ultraviolet A (UVA) irradiation in the presence and absence of TiO2–NPs. ANT and PHE solutions were prepared alone or in combination with TiO2–NPs, UVA-irradiated, and either exposed to larval zebrafish or collected for chemical analyses of diverse hydroxylated PAHs (OHPAHs) and oxygenated PAHs (OPAHs). The expression profiles of genes encoding for enzymes involved in PAH metabolism showed PAH-specific and time-dependent inductions that demonstrated changes in PAH and photoproduct bioavailability in the presence of TiO2–NPs. Chemical analyses of PAH/NP solutions in the absence of zebrafish larvae identified diverse photoproducts of differing size and ring arrangements, which suggested photodissociation, recombination, and ring re-arrangements of PAHs occurred either during or following UVA irradiation. Both ANT and PHE solutions showed heightened oxidative potential following irradiation, but TiO2–NP-related increases in oxidative potential were PAH-specific. The exploitation of multiple analytical methods provided novel insights into distinct PAH photoactivity, TiO2–NP influence on photoproduct formation in a PAH-specific manner, and the significant role time plays in photochemical processes.

show abstract

Workflow for comparison of chemical and biological metrics of filter collected PM2.5

Cited by 9 publications

References 52 publications

Airborne Aerosols and Human Health: Leapfrogging from Mass Concentration to Oxidative Potential

Airborne Aerosols and Human Health: Leapfrogging from Mass Concentration to Oxidative Potential

Seasonal Variation in the Chemical Composition and Oxidative Potential of PM2.5

Time-Related Alteration of Aqueous-Phase Anthracene and Phenanthrene Photoproducts in the Presence of TiO₂ Nanoparticles

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Workflow for comparison of chemical and biological metrics of filter collected PM2.5

Cited by 9 publications

References 52 publications

Airborne Aerosols and Human Health: Leapfrogging from Mass Concentration to Oxidative Potential

Airborne Aerosols and Human Health: Leapfrogging from Mass Concentration to Oxidative Potential

Seasonal Variation in the Chemical Composition and Oxidative Potential of PM2.5

Time-Related Alteration of Aqueous-Phase Anthracene and Phenanthrene Photoproducts in the Presence of TiO2 Nanoparticles

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Time-Related Alteration of Aqueous-Phase Anthracene and Phenanthrene Photoproducts in the Presence of TiO₂ Nanoparticles