Worker Housing in the Vermont Copper Belt: Improving Life and Industry Through Paternalism and Resistance

Ford, Ben

doi:10.1007/s10761-011-0166-6

Int J Histor Archaeol

2011

DOI: 10.1007/s10761-011-0166-6

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Worker Housing in the Vermont Copper Belt: Improving Life and Industry Through Paternalism and Resistance

Ben Ford

Abstract: During the mid-nineteenth century, east-central Vermont supported two major copper mines and their associated villages. In order to wrest thousands of tons of copper from the earth these mines, the Elizabeth and Ely mines, hired and housed thousands of miners, laborers, and their families. Both mines pursued the same resource in the same environment during the same period, but the Ely Mine developed a centralized village, while the Elizabeth Mine housed its workers in isolated housing clusters. The causes of t… Show more

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Cited by 4 publications

References 23 publications

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Invisible and Ignored: The Archaeology of Nineteenth-Century Subalterns in Sweden

Hansson

Nilsson

Svensson

2019

Int J Histor Archaeol

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This paper aims to discuss subalterns in different social environments in Sweden. The potential of archaeological studies of landless subalterns in rural and urban areas are shown though a number of case studies. It is argued that archaeology can show the multivocality of the lives of the subalterns, in the same way as it shows how the subalterns organized their daily life. This is done through the use of the concepts of matterscape, powerscape, and mindscape. The subalterns used the physical landscape (matterscape) according to prevailing norms and power structures (powerscape), thus creating a perceptive understanding of their daily landscape (mindscape). change, a large number of hitherto unresearched or under-researched remains will be included in heritage management, conservation, and contract archaeology. Thus, the new legal situation opens new possibilities for historical archaeology, but also poses challenges. In this article we will address one field that has come into focus due to the changed law, namely the field of landless subalterns in rural and urban areas. Archaeologists in Sweden have traditionally ignored this large group of people, thus making them invisible in the archaeological record. In this paper we argue that doing archaeology connected to the heritage of the subalterns produces new and independent knowledge in relation to traditional historical research. Specific use will be made of Swedish case studies where subalterns in different social contexts have been studied by triangulating material culture, written documents, maps, and folklore, in order to see if and how attitudes toward subalterns differed between urban areas and the countryside.Research and documentation of the living conditions of subalterns and poor people in Sweden have occurred since the end of the nineteenth century, but in scholarly disciplines other than archaeology. This research has concerned different aspects of the history of subalterns, but have mainly focused on rural conditions, especially on crofters. The number of archaeological excavations that have concerned crofters and other sites connected to subalterns is so far rather small, especially if related to the large number of excavations that are conducted every year within Swedish contract archaeology (according to the Heritage Conservation act).

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Invisible and Ignored: The Archaeology of Nineteenth-Century Subalterns in Sweden

Hansson

Nilsson

Svensson

2019

Int J Histor Archaeol

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Women and Gender in the Mines: Challenging Masculinity Through History: An Introduction

Romano

Papastefanaki

2020

Int Rev of Soc His

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The role of women as mineworkers and as household workers has been erased. Here, we challenge the masculinity associated with the mines, taking a longer-term and a global labour history perspective. We foreground the importance of women as mineworkers in different parts of the world since the early modern period and analyse the changes introduced in coal mining in the nineteenth and early twentieth century, the masculinization and mechanization, and the growing importance of women in contemporary artisanal and small-scale mining. The effect of protective laws and the exclusion of women from underground tasks was to restrict women's work more to the household, which played a pivotal role in mining communities but is insufficiently recognized. This process of “de-labourization” of women's work was closely connected with the distinction between productive and unproductive labour. This introductory article therefore centres on the important work carried out in the household by women and children. Finally, we present the three articles in this Special Theme and discuss how each of them is in dialogue with the topics addressed here. Many thanks also to Marie-José Spreeuwenberg for her invaluable engagement.

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Industrial housing clusters in nineteenth-century Lisbon: finding spatial patterns

Antunes¹

2023

Urban History

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This article aims to analyse housing solutions used in nineteenth-century Lisbon to deal with explosive demographic and urban development. It particularly focuses on two specific types of industrial housing ensembles created in Lisbon called pátios and vilas operárias. The goal of this article is to analyse the spatial distribution of pátios and vilas operárias in Lisbon. Through the potential of geographic information systems, we aim to understand in a spatial-quantitative way the spatial patterns of these kinds of industrial housing ensembles for the most deprived population. To do so, we used spatial modelling and spatial analysis procedures, including simple spatial distribution, mean centre, standard distance, directional distance and density estimation (hotspots). The new contribution of this article lies in the increase of scientific knowledge about these forms of working-class housing – the pátios and vilas operárias – and their spatial implementation in Lisbon in the second half of the nineteenth century.

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Worker Housing in the Vermont Copper Belt: Improving Life and Industry Through Paternalism and Resistance

Cited by 4 publications

References 23 publications

Invisible and Ignored: The Archaeology of Nineteenth-Century Subalterns in Sweden

Invisible and Ignored: The Archaeology of Nineteenth-Century Subalterns in Sweden

Women and Gender in the Mines: Challenging Masculinity Through History: An Introduction

Industrial housing clusters in nineteenth-century Lisbon: finding spatial patterns

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