Work to fracture of canine femoral bone

Moyle, D.D.; Welborn, J.W.; Cooke, Francis W.

doi:10.1016/0021-9290(78)90055-6

Cited by 50 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…By this analogy, the osteon acts as the fiber with the matrix being interstitial bone and remodeled osteon fragments. Numerous studies on fracture and fatigue processes of cortical bone have demonstrated similarities to those same processes in engineered composite materials (Alto and Pope, 1979;Bell et al, 1999;Gibson et al, 1995;Guo et al, 1998;Martin et al, 1996a, b;Moyle et al, 1978).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Osteon interfacial strength and histomorphometry of equine cortical bone

Bigley

Griffin

Christensen

et al. 2006

Journal of Biomechanics

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The interfacial strength of secondary osteons from the diaphysis of the Thoroughbred equine third metacarpal was evaluated using the fiber pushout test. The pushout was performed on 300-500 microm sections of 4x4x15 mm bone blocks machined from four anatomic regions of the cortex. Pushout strength was evaluated from proximal to distal location within the diaphysis on four osteon types classified under polarized light on adjacent histologic sections from each block. The shear strength of the interfaces were estimated from shear lag theory. Differences were found in the interfacial strength of osteons based on appearance under polarized light with bright field having the highest interfacial strength (40.3 MPa). The lowest strength was found in the dark field osteons (22.8 MPa). The dorsal region had the highest shear strength and toughness compared to all other regions. The cement line and interlamellar interfaces are similar in strength, but exhibit regional dependence--specifically, the palmar region strength is less (17.5 MPa) than the osteon interlamellar interfaces (30.4 MPa) and osteon type dependent (alternating significantly weaker than other types). Histomorphometry revealed significant regional differences (p<0.0001) in osteon area fraction among the four osteon types as well as differences in the osteon diameter (p=0.01), with dorsal regions having larger osteons (170 microm) than the palmar region (151 microm). Fatigue life and fracture toughness of Haversian bone are reported in the literature to be regionally dependent and are known to be associated with osteon pullout--an osteon interfacial phenomenon. Therefore, the results presented in this study are important to further the understanding of the mechanisms of fragility and damage accumulation in cortical bone.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Osteon interfacial strength and histomorphometry of equine cortical bone

Bigley

Griffin

Christensen

et al. 2006

Journal of Biomechanics

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“…He considered such microstructural variability as inconsequential and inconsistent with any view of 'spatial coordination and adaptability' or 'order and concordance at a higher level of bone organization'. Distributions of secondary osteons in diaphyses of modern human and canine femora, and sheep, human and canine tibiae also do not clearly reflect their nonuniform strain distributions [Moyle et al, 1978;Martin et al, 1980;Skedros, 2001;Goldman et al, 2003;Drapeau and Streeter, 2006]. In contrast to these suggestions of randomness or quasi randomness in secondary osteon distributions, qualitative microscopic observations of bones habitually loaded in bending suggest that the more highly strained 'compression' cortices tend to have higher numbers of secondary osteons [Lanyon and Bourn, 1979;Bouvier and Hylander, 1981;Carter et al, 1981;Gies and Carter, 1982;Portigliatti Barbos et al, 1983].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Are Distributions of Secondary Osteon Variants Useful for Interpreting Load History in Mammalian Bones?

Skedros

Sorenson²,

Jenson

2007

Cells Tissues Organs

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Background/Aims: In cortical bone, basic multicellular units (BMUs) produce secondary osteons that mediate adaptations, including variations in their population densities and cross-sectional areas. Additional important BMU-related adaptations might include atypical secondary osteon morphologies (zoned, connected, drifting, elongated, multiple canal). These variants often reflect osteonal branching that enhances toughness by increasing interfacial (cement line) complexity. If these characteristics correlate with strain mode/magnitude-related parameters of habitual loading, then BMUs might produce adaptive differences in unexpected ways. Methods: We carried out examinations in bones loaded in habitual torsion (horse metacarpals) or bending: sheep, deer, elk, and horse calcanei, and horse radii. Atypical osteons were quantified in backscattered images from anterior, posterior, medial, and lateral cortices. Correlations were determined between atypical osteon densities, densities of all secondary osteons, and associations with habitual strain mode/magnitude or transcortical location. Results: Osteon variants were not consistently associated with ‘tension’, ‘compression’, or neutral axis (‘shear’) regions, even when considering densities or all secondary osteons, or only osteon variants associated with relatively increased interfacial complexity. Similarly, marrow- and strain-magnitude-related associations were not consistent. Conclusion: These data do not support the hypothesis that spatial variations in these osteon variants are useful for inferring a habitual bending or torsional load strain history.

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“…Different studies on fracture mechanics of cortical bone have demonstrated similarities to fracture mechanics in composite materials, see for instance Guo et al (1998), Alto and Pope (1979), Bell et al (1999), Martin et al (1996), Moyle et al (1978), and Giner et al (2014).…”

Section: Fe Assuming Anisotropic Behaviourmentioning

confidence: 99%