Work place violence (WPV) against healthcare workers in Africa: A systematic review

Stanley, Njaka; Edeogu, Oswald C.; Oko, Constance Chioma; Goni, Mohammed Dauda; Nkadi, Ndidi

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04800

Cited by 50 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Violence against health care workers is defined as incidents where workers are abused, threatened or assaulted in relation to their work and involving an explicit or implicit challenge to their safety, well-being or health [1]. In some countries, workplace violence makes healthcare the most dangerous of occupations [2,3]. In addition to the common verbal aggression and harassment, perhaps a third of health workers will be exposed to physical violence such as rape, injuries, kidnapping and death during their careers [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Violence against doctors in Iraq during the time of COVID-19

et al. 2021

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Objectives This study assessed patterns in reported violence against doctors working in 11 Baghdad hospitals providing care for patients with COVID-19 and explored characteristics of hospital violence and its impact on health workers. Methods Questionnaires were completed by 505 hospital doctors (38.6% male, 64.4% female) working in 11 Baghdad hospitals. No personal or identifying information was obtained. Findings Of 505 doctors, 446 (87.3%) had experienced hospital violence in the previous 6 months. Doctors reported that patients were responsible for 95 (21.3%) instances of violence, patient family or relatives for 322 (72.4%), police or military personnel for 19 (4.3%), and other sources for 9 (2%). The proportion of violent events reported did not differ between male and female doctors, although characteristics varied. There were 415 of the 505 doctors who reported that violence had increased since the beginning of the pandemic, and many felt the situation would only get worse. COVID-19 has heightened tensions in an already violent health workplace, further increasing risks to patients and health providers. Interpretation During the COVID-19 epidemic in Iraq an already violent hospital environment in Baghdad has only worsened. The physical and emotional toll on health workers is high which further threatens patient care and hospital productivity. While more security measures can be taken, reducing health workplace violence requires other measures such as improved communication, and addressing issues of patient care.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Violence against doctors in Iraq during the time of COVID-19

et al. 2021

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“…Already visible in other countries [ 1 , 4 , 9 , 12 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 27 , 29 ], the growing interest in the phenomenon of WPV in hospitals is now seen in Italy as well, as demonstrated by the increasing number of scientific publications in the field (in 2020, the highest ever number of published papers was recorded). That said, it is important to note that, although in recent years the total number of publications has generally increased, this does not necessarily imply a discernible trend.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Literature is organized into primary studies and meta-analytical reviews. In primary studies, data are collected in order to describe the phenomenon of violence in a specific context (e.g., emergency or psychiatric departments) [ 13 , 14 ], toward a target population (e.g., oral health-care workers) [ 15 ], in a particular geographical area (e.g., African or European Countries) [ 16 , 17 ] or in specific countries (such as China, Spain or Iran) [ 18 , 19 , 20 ]. Meta-analytical reviews e.g., [ 21 , 22 ], allowing a general perspective in the evaluation of the phenomenon, by merging and/or re-reading the data or the conclusions drawn from previous works.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hospital-Based Healthcare Workers Victims of Workplace Violence in Italy: A Scoping Review

Civilotti

Berlanda

Iozzino

2021

IJERPH

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The aim of this scoping review is to synthesize the available evidence on the prevalence rates of healthcare workers being victims of violence perpetrated by patients and visitors in Italy. PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and CINAHL were systematically searched from their inception to April 2021. Two authors independently assessed 1182 studies. All the scientific papers written in English or in Italian reporting primary quantitative and/or qualitative data on the prevalence of aggression or sexual harassment perpetrated by patients or visitors toward healthcare workers in Italy were included. Thirty-two papers were included in the review. The data extracted were summarized in a narrative synthesis organized in the following six thematic domains: 1. Methodology and study design; 2. Description of violent behavior; 3. Characteristics of health care staff involved in workplace violence (WPV); 4. Prevalence and form of WPV; 5. Context of WPV; and 6. Characteristics of violent patients and their relatives and/or visitors. The proportion of studies on WPV differed greatly across Italian regions, wards and professional roles of the healthcare workers. In general, the prevalence of WPV against healthcare workers in Italy is high, especially in psychiatric and emergency departments and among nurses and physicians, but further studies are needed in order to gather systematic evidence of this phenomenon. In Italy, and worldwide, there is an urgent need for governments, policy-makers and health institutions to prevent, monitor and manage WPV towards healthcare professionals.

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“…Grueling shifts, job inequity, and an inherent fear of being blamed and subjected to violence considerably impact the quality of care. There are numerous reports of workplace violence against health workers by relatives of patients in the African continent [47]. The literature on workplace violence against healthcare workers is limited.…”

Section: Future Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patient and Provider Perspectives of Disrespect and Abuse during Childbirth in Tanzania: A Literature Review

Das¹,

Masoi²,

Kibusi³

et al. 2021

OJOG

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Objective: Disrespectful and abusive (D&A) maternity care is a deterrent to facility childbirth and can thus contribute to child and maternal mortality. This study will review existing literature on D&A in Tanzania to better understand and contextualize the issue. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted to find relevant publications on D&A during childbirth in Tanzania. The search was conducted on the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) and PubMed (U.S. National Library of Medicine at the National Institutes of Health). The inclusion criteria were as follows: qualitative, quantitative, and ethnographic studies conducted in Tanzania on obstetrical violence; published in English; focused on prevalence, incidence, root causes, historical trends, interventions, and policy recommendations for obstetrical violence in Tanzania. Results: Twenty-one studies were selected for this literature review. Up to 73.1% of women reported experiencing at least one form of D&A during labor. Commonly reported D&A events include non-dignified care, non-confidential care, and physical abuse. Other forms of D&A, including detention in facilities and asking for unofficial payments, are also reported. Ninety-six percent of nurses, midwives, and nursing assistants in Tanzania self-reported engaging in at least one form of D&A. Lack of training and provider support, long work hours, fear of blame, and limited infrastructure were reported as factors leading to D&A by providers. Conclusions: In Tanzania, D&A during childbirth is prevalent in healthcare systems. The direct relationship between D&A and poor maternal and fetal health is well-documented.

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Work place violence (WPV) against healthcare workers in Africa: A systematic review

Cited by 50 publications

References 48 publications

Violence against doctors in Iraq during the time of COVID-19

Violence against doctors in Iraq during the time of COVID-19

Hospital-Based Healthcare Workers Victims of Workplace Violence in Italy: A Scoping Review

Patient and Provider Perspectives of Disrespect and Abuse during Childbirth in Tanzania: A Literature Review

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