Work, Nonwork, and Mental Health: A Model and a Test

Jamal, Muhammad; Mitchell, Vance F.

doi:10.1111/j.1468-232x.1980.tb00156.x

Cited by 19 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…A study of more than 2700 US citizens found that entrepreneurs experience lower rates of emotional negativity and exercise constructive emotion and problem focused coping methods more freely and frequently than employees (Patzelt and Shepherd 2011). A study of 235 Canadian entrepreneurs and matched employed controls found no significant mental health or job satisfaction differences between these groups (Jamal 1991;Jamal and Mitchell 1980). Elevated MWB among entrepreneurs has been linked with persistence, or tenacity and grit (Wincent et al 2008) which can mitigate the toxic effects of stress (Patzelt and Shepherd 2011).…”

Section: Entrepreneur Mental Health and Well-beingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The prevalence and co-occurrence of psychiatric conditions among entrepreneurs and their families

et al. 2018

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Psychiatric conditions and sub-threshold psychiatric temperaments may influence entrepreneurs' affect, cognition, energy, motivation, circadian rhythms, activity levels, self-concept, creativity, and interpersonal behaviors in ways that influence business outcomes. We used a self-report survey to examine the prevalence and co-occurrence of five psychiatric conditions among 242 entrepreneurs and 93 comparison participants. Mental health differences directly or indirectly affected 72% of the entrepreneurs in this sample, including those with a personal mental health history (49%) and family mental health history among the asymptomatic entrepreneurs (23%). Entrepreneurs reported experiencing more depression (30%), ADHD (29%), substance use (12%), and bipolar disorder (11%) than comparison participants. Furthermore, 32% of the entrepreneurs reported having two or more mental health conditions, while 18% reported having three or more mental health conditions. Asymptomatic entrepreneurs (having no mental health issues) with asymptomatic families constituted only 24% of the entrepreneur participants. Entrepreneurs' psychiatric issues can affect their functioning and that of their ventures. Therefore, integrating knowledge about psychiatric conditions with research on personality traits can broaden the understanding of how mental healthrelated traits, states, and family history can influence entrepreneurial outcomes. We discuss methodological limitations as well as implications of our findings for entrepreneurship research and practice.

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Section: Entrepreneur Mental Health and Well-beingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The prevalence and co-occurrence of psychiatric conditions among entrepreneurs and their families

et al. 2018

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“…To explain the model briefly, it was hypothesized, on the basis of previous studies, that the demographic, work and non-work factors would influence job satisfaction and life satisfaction (Rapoport & Rapoport, 1973;Hauenstein et af., 1977;Jones & Butler, 1980;Beutell & Greenhaus, 1981), and that job satisfaction and life satisfaction would mutually influence each other (Andrews & Whitney, 1976;Rice et al, 1979). It was further hypothesized that both job satisfaction and life satisfaction would have direct effects on the overall effectiveness of individuals' well-being and functioning, referred to as mental health (Gechman & Weiner, 1975;Jamal & Mitchell, 1980). While in theory these relationships apply to both spouses in dual-earner families, as discussed earlier the links may be different for the husbands and for the wives.…”

Section: U M a S E K A R A Nmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ever since Kornhauser (1965) raised issues regarding the mental health of industrial workers as influenced by factors at the workplace and life away from the job, several avenues of research have been in progress. For cxample, researchers have investigated the effects of work on mental health (House, 1974;Cooper & Marshall, 1976;Beehr & Newman, 1978), the effects of non-work factors on mental health (Dodge & Martin, 1970;French & Kaplan, 1970), the interaction of work and non-work variables on mental health (Payton-Miyazaki & Brayfield, 1976;Jamal & Mitchell, 1980), and work and non-work domains as they affect the satisfactions experienced at work and in life (Orpen, 1978;Near et al, 1980;Schmitt & Mellon, 1980). Currently, theoretical models are being developed incorporating these constellations of variables in a sequence of cause-effect relationships.…”

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confidence: 99%

The paths to mental health: An exploratory study of husbands and wives in dual‐career families

Sekaran¹

1985

Journal of Occupational Psychology

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This exploratory study tried to trace the links among three sets of exogenous variables—individual differences, work and non‐work factors—two endogenous variables—job satisfaction and life satisfaction, and the dependent variable, mental health, for husbands and wives in dual‐earner families to see if there were differences in the paths for the two groups. Data were collected from 166 non‐traditional families and the 332 responses were analysed to establish the links. It was found in this cross‐sectional study that, while both job satisfaction and life satisfaction had direct influences on the mental health of the husbands, such was not the case for the wives. For the wives, life satisfaction and two of the exogenous variables—multiple role stress and number of children—had significant direct links to their mental health. The implications of the findings of this exploratory cross‐sectional study for future research in the area are discussed.

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“…Nonetheless, the existing research foundations are capable of supporting measurement and investigation of these two dimensions of individual health to a worthwhile extent (Jamal & Mitchell, 1980). Mental Health.…”

Section: Health As a Dependent Variablementioning

confidence: 99%

Work and Nonwork Influences on Health: A Research Agenda Using Inability to Leave as a Critical Variable

Martin¹,

Schermerhorn²

1983

The Academy of Management Review

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JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org.. Academy of Management is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to The Academy of Management Review.A basic path analytic model of stressor-health relationships is formulated from a multidisciplinary literature base. Work, nonwork, and individual difference variables act as exogenous stressors influencing endogenous job and life satisfaction variables, which are then posited to influence health variables. Inability to leave is added to the model as a means of more completely integrating a research framework investigating work and nonwork influences on health.In 1974 House wrote: "The analysis of work and nonwork environmental causes of mental and physical health remains fragmentary, scattered, and theoretically unintegrated, due both to the disciplinary diversity of researchers and the nebulous status of mental and physical health as a concept or theoretical framework" (1974, p. 12). One year later, Caplan, Cobb, French, Van Harrison, and Pinneau wrote: "Literature on stress and health shows widespread confusion and disagreement about the types of variables which should be studied, how they should be defined, and the theoretical models for relating them" (1975, p. 3). And in 1980 Jamal and Mitchell were still led to suggest "that in predicting mental health adequate attention should be given to work-related variables. Future investigations of mental health should focus on the interaction of different types of variables in work and nonwork environments" (1980, p. 93).Taken together, the prior statements call for an interdisciplinary approach to developing a comprehensive model of work and nonwork influences on mental and phsycial health. It is the premise of the present authors that scholars have yet to answer this call for knowledge. Accordingly, this paper examines a convergence in the existing literatures on health, occupational stress, and organizational withdrawal that offers promising directions to the concerned researcher. Specifically, the objectives of the paper are: (1) to

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Work, Nonwork, and Mental Health: A Model and a Test

Cited by 19 publications

References 12 publications

The prevalence and co-occurrence of psychiatric conditions among entrepreneurs and their families

The prevalence and co-occurrence of psychiatric conditions among entrepreneurs and their families

The paths to mental health: An exploratory study of husbands and wives in dual‐career families

Work and Nonwork Influences on Health: A Research Agenda Using Inability to Leave as a Critical Variable

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