Work load and work hours in relation to disturbed sleep and fatigue in a large representative sample

Åkerstedt, Torbjörn; Fredlund, Peeter; Gillberg, Mats; Jansson, Bjarne

doi:10.1016/s0022-3999(02)00447-6

Cited by 320 publications

(274 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Similar results were reported by Kalimo et al (2000), who studied men participating in the Helsinki Heart Study. Nakata et al (2004) reported a positive association between role conflict and trouble falling asleep in a sample of Japanese workers, while data from a Swedish sample demonstrated a positive association between high work demands, disturbed sleep, and non-restorative sleep (Akerstedt, Fredlund, Gillberg, & Jansson, 2002a;Akerstedt et al, 2002b). However, in the latter study, decision-making authority was not associated with the sleep measures once socio-demographic and other work factors were controlled (Akerstedt et al, 2002b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Job stress and poor sleep quality: Data from an American sample of full-time workers

Knudsen

Ducharme

Roman

2007

Social Science & Medicine

194

139

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Given the associations between poor quality sleep and health, it is important to consider whether job stressors are related to sleep-related outcomes. Studies from Europe and Japan suggest that these stressors negatively impact sleep, but there are few studies of job stressors and sleep quality that draw upon large representative samples of workers in the USA. Using data collected via telephone interviews from a nationally representative random sample of 1,715 American full-time employees, this research considers three dependent variables of past-month poor sleep quality: number of days the respondent had difficulty initiating sleep, number of days of difficulty maintaining sleep, and number of days of non-restorative sleep. Negative binomial regression was used to estimate a count data model of the associations between the frequency of these three types of poor sleep quality and the job stressors of work overload, role conflict, autonomy, and repetitive tasks, while controlling for socio-demographic characteristics. The average American worker reported 5.3 days of difficulty falling asleep, 6.6 days of trouble staying asleep, and 5.0 days of trouble waking up for work in the past month. Across the three types of poor sleep quality, work overload was positively associated with the frequency of poor sleep quality. Role conflict was positively associated with difficulty initiating sleep and non-restorative sleep. Repetitive tasks were associated with more days of difficulty initiating sleep and maintaining sleep. Job autonomy was negatively associated with nonrestorative sleep. Given that sleep quality is associated with other health outcomes, future research should continue to explore the associations between job-related stressors, sleep quality, and workers' health status.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Job stress and poor sleep quality: Data from an American sample of full-time workers

Knudsen

Ducharme

Roman

2007

Social Science & Medicine

194

139

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“…It is also associated with increased physical symptom reporting (Hazlett & Haynes, 1992), intrusive off-task thoughts (Sarason, Pierce, & Sarason, 1996), negative self-evaluations, diminished feelings of control and feelings of helplessness (Lyubomirsky, Kasri, & Zehm, 2003). Furthermore, laboratory studies have shown prolonged physiological arousal and delayed recovery in individuals who ruminate (Roger & Jamieson, 1988) and many studies show that rumination interferes with sleep (Akerstedt et al, 2002;Berset, Elfering, Luthy, Luthi, & Semmer, 2011;Cropley et al, 2006;Querstret & Cropley, 2012;Thomsen, Mehlsen, Christensen, & Zachariae, 2003;Thomsen, Mehlsen, Hokland, Viidik, Olesen, Arlund et al, 2004;Zoccola, Dickerson, & Lam, 2009). 9 Fatigue, sleep and recovery from work Fatigue, driven by increased psychophysiological workload and reduced sleep, has been recognised as a major consequence of increased work intensity (Harma, Kompier, & Vahtera, 2006).…”

Section: Work-related Rumination and Recovery From Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While there are several cross-sectional 11 studies (Akerstedt et al, 2002;Geiger-Brown, Trinkoff, & Rogers, 2011), and a few longitudinal studies (Burgard & Ailshire, 2009;de Lange, Kompier, Taris, Geurts, Beckers, Houtman, et al, 2009) demonstrating an association between work-related stress and sleep, the mechanism/s by which occupational stress influences sleep remain uncertain. However, the sleep literature agrees that one of the factors thought to interfere with sleep is perseverative thinking (e.g., rumination, worry), with self-reported sleep disturbance showing a strong association with work-related worries and rumination (Akerstedt et al, 2002;Cropley et al, 2006).…”

Section: Work-related Rumination and Recovery From Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Internet-based instructor-led mindfulness for work-related rumination, fatigue, and sleep: Assessing facets of mindfulness as mechanisms of change. A randomized waitlist control trial.

Querstret

Cropley

Fife‐Schaw

2017

Journal of Occupational Health Psychology

115

138

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Title. Internet-based instructor-led mindfulness for work-related rumination, fatigue and sleep: assessing facets of mindfulness as mechanisms of change. A randomised waitlist control trial.Abstract. This study aimed to extend our theoretical understanding of how mindfulnessbased interventions exert their positive influence on measures of occupational health.Employing a randomised waitlist control study design, we sought to: (1) assess an Internetbased instructor-led mindfulness intervention for its effect on key factors associated with 'recovery from work', specifically, work-related rumination, fatigue and sleep quality; (2) assess different facets of mindfulness (acting with awareness, describing, non-judging, and non-reacting) as mechanisms of change; and (3) assess whether the effect of the intervention was maintained over time by following up our participants after three and six months.Participants who completed the mindfulness intervention (N=60) reported significantly lower levels of work-related rumination and fatigue, and significantly higher levels of sleep quality, when compared with waitlist control participants (N=58). Effects of the intervention were maintained at three and six month follow-up with medium to large effect sizes. The effect of the intervention was primarily explained by increased levels of only one facet of mindfulness (acting with awareness). This study provides support for online mindfulness interventions to aid recovery from work and furthers our understanding with regards to how mindfulness interventions exert their positive effects.

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“…Research has shown that inadequate recovery outside of work is associated with a number of poor health outcomes including: increased risk of cardiovascular disease (Suadicani, Hein, & Gyntelberg, 1993), negative mood (Pravettoni, Cropley, Leotta, & Bagnara, 2007), sleep problems and fatigue (Cropley, Dijk, & Stanley, 2006;Akerstedt, Fredlund, Gillberg, & Jansson, 2002;Nylen, Melin, & Laflamme, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Acute fatigue is short-lived and signals that the individual needs recovery (e.g., the fatigue an individual experiences at the end of their working day); in contrast, chronic fatigue is persistent and develops as a result of consistent exposure to stress without adequate recovery (Winwood et al, 2007). Research suggests that between 11% and 30% of workers in Europe are affected by work-related fatigue (Akerstedt et al, 2002;Houtman, 1997;Loge, Ekeberg, & Kaasa, 1998;Bultmann, Kant, van Amelsvoort, van den Brandt, & Kasl, 2001); in the USA abnormal fatigue levels have been identified among 14.3% of men and 20.4% of women (Chen, 1986); and in Canada similar levels have also been reported (Winwood et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the relationship between work-related rumination, sleep quality, and work-related fatigue.

Querstret

Cropley

2012

Journal of Occupational Health Psychology

283

353

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Objective: This study examined the association between three conceptualisations of work-related rumination (affective rumination, problem-solving pondering and detachment) with sleep quality and work-related fatigue. It was hypothesised that affective rumination and poor sleep quality would be associated with increased fatigue; and problem-solving pondering, and detachment would be associated with decreased fatigue. The mediating effect of sleep quality on the relationship between work-related rumination and fatigue was also tested. Method: An on-line questionnaire was completed by a heterogeneous sample of 719 adult workers in diverse occupations. Results: The following variables were entered as predictors in a regression model: affective rumination, problem-solving pondering, detachment, and sleep quality. The dependent variables were chronic work-related fatigue (CF) and acute work-related fatigue (AF). Affective rumination was the strongest predictor of increased CF and AF. Problem-solving pondering was a significant predictor of decreased CF and AF. Poor sleep quality was predictive of increased CF and AF. Detachment was significantly negatively predictive for AF. Sleep quality partially mediated the relationship between affective rumination and fatigue; and between problem-solving pondering and fatigue. Conclusions: Work-related affective rumination appears more detrimental to an individual's ability to recover from work than problem-solving pondering. In the context of identifying mechanisms by which demands at work are translated into ill-health, this appears to be a key finding; and suggests that it is the type of work-related rumination, not rumination per se, that is important.

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Work load and work hours in relation to disturbed sleep and fatigue in a large representative sample

Cited by 320 publications

References 26 publications

Job stress and poor sleep quality: Data from an American sample of full-time workers

Job stress and poor sleep quality: Data from an American sample of full-time workers

Internet-based instructor-led mindfulness for work-related rumination, fatigue, and sleep: Assessing facets of mindfulness as mechanisms of change. A randomized waitlist control trial.

Exploring the relationship between work-related rumination, sleep quality, and work-related fatigue.

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